Theme - Movement Flashcards
Give an example of migrations that take longer than a life-time.
Locusts; Monarch butterflies
Which bird endures one of the longest migrations?
Bar tailed godwit
What are the two main reasons for migration?
Increased survival
Increased reproductive success
Give two reasons for one-off migrations
Overcrowding
Depleted food sources
Give two reasons for frequent migrations
Move to a warmer areas to breed/avoid cold
Search for food
What energy do birds use that other animals don’t?
Energy to fight gravitational force
How can energy expenditure be minimised during migration?
Use air and water currents to carry them
Subtle movement of wings and tail features allow a change in direction during flight
What is the neuromuscular junction?
It is where nerves and muscles meet/communicate in the body
What does a neurotoxic peptide do?
What is it also known as?
It mimics neurotransmitters BUT blocks the signal between muscle and nerve, so muscles don’t move.
Also called an antagonist as it inhibits the reaction.
Give an example of a neurotoxin produced by plants
Curarea and Strychnos
What is an alkaloid?
A secondary chemical (molecule) produced by the body outside of the main metabolism
What does a neurotransmitter do?
It bridges the gap (synapse) between nerve/muscle or nerve/nerve so that the molecule fills in a space that triggers a reaction
What is an agonist? Give an example.
It is a chemical that stimulates cells by bridging the synaptic gap.
Example - nicotine.
What are the three types of muscle in the body?
Which is under conscious control?
Skeletal is under conscious control.
Others are cardiac and smooth.
State three types of movement exhibited by pollinators
Central place foraging
Random walk across the landscape
Long distance migration
