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T+P > Theme C: The Existence Of God And Revelation > Flashcards

Theme C: The Existence Of God And Revelation Flashcards

1
Q

Teleological (design) argument

A

William Paley
Everything in the universe is so intricately designed, that it must have been designed by a powerful being- God, therefore God exists
e.g human bodies, DNA

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2
Q

name 3 theorists who argue for God’s existence

A

thomas aquinas
blaise pascal
william paley

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3
Q

watch analogy

A

teleological argument

if you find a watch, you know it has been designed by somebody
if you find a rock, who designed the rock?

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4
Q

argument against teleological argument

A

just because something looks designed, that doesn’t mean it has actually been designed by somebody

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5
Q

3 arguments against God’s existence

A

suffering- God would not allow humans to suffer as much as they do

evolution- we evolved from earlier species

no scientific proof/ photographic evidence

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6
Q

cosmological (first cause) argument

A

Thomas Aquinas

everything that exists has a cause
the universe exists because of the big bang
but what caused the big bang- God, God is the first cause

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7
Q

train analogy

A

a train needs an engine to work, God is like the engine- a different matter to the train but is a necessary being.

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8
Q

arguments against the cosmological argument

A

If God is an exception to the first cause, then the big bang should be an exception

we don’t know what caused God

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9
Q

arguments for the cosmological argument

A

God is eternal

God is omnipotent- nothing is more powerful

infinite regress is too confusing so people settle at the belief that God is the first cause

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10
Q

define miracle

A

an extraordinary event unable to be explained by science

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11
Q

religious arguments for miracles

A
  1. miracles cannot be scientifically explained so they must be caused by something outside of nature
  2. God is the only thing that exists outside of nature
  3. So, God causes miracles
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12
Q

atheist arguments for miracles

A

miracles are lucky coincidences

they may have scientific explanations we don’t yet know about

might be made up for fame

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13
Q

problems with miracles

A

-why would God only help one person through a miracle instead of helping many

-science can now explain many miracles

-miracles could just be tricks and lies

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14
Q

beliefs for miracles

A

-God is omni-potent and can do anything
-show the power and love of God

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15
Q

examples of religious miracles

A

the Qur’an
Jesus’ incarnation

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16
Q

evil and suffering as an argument against God

A
  • if God controls everything, then why would he intentionally cause suffering

-If God is loving, then why would he let his people suffer

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17
Q

inconsistent triad

A

1- if God is benevolent, he would not want his people to suffer
2- if God is potent, he would stop the suffering in the world
3-therefore, as suffering exists, God is not loving nor potent

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18
Q

religious responses to evil and suffering

A

life is a test from God- testing you to see whether you remain loyal to him

you will have a better afterlife and be rewarded for your suffering

God tests the ones he loves- allows us to learn from our hardships to become better people

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19
Q

muslim quotes to evil and suffering

A

‘god tests the one he loves’

‘allah does not burden a soul beyond what it can bear’

‘at the end of hardship comes ease’

‘remember me and i will remember you’

20
Q

christian teachings on evil and suffering

A

jesus’ crucifixion- Jesus’ suffering granted everyone with salvation

21
Q

how does science challenge belief in God

A

science will eventually discover the creation of the universe- God is not needed

science is used to create life

evolution shows adaption of species

scientific explanations for things such as earthquakes

22
Q

how do christians respond to science

A

they support scientific discoveries which reveal the existence of God

believe it is wrong to change religious truths into scientific laws

23
Q

how do muslims respond to science

A

they believe that science is important to understand the intelligence God gave us

science does not affect their belief in God in a bad way

24
Q

the ontological argument

A

for something to be the greatest, it must exist
a perfect being must exist

25
Q

what is special revelation

A

God making himself known through direct personal experiences which has an impact on someone’s life

26
Q

give 3 examples of special revelation

A

visions
miracles
Saul to Paul

27
Q

what are visions

A

special revelation in the form of images, a spiritual experience where divine attributes are revealed

28
Q

alternate explanations for someone seeing visions

A

mental illnesses
placebo

29
Q

4 noble truths

A

-life is suffering
-growing is suffering
-we can escape suffering
-follow the eightfold path

30
Q

nirvana

A

state of enlightenment
buddhists explore enlightenment to understand the nature of existence

31
Q

general revelation

A

God revealing himself through ordinary experiences

32
Q

3 examples of general revelation

A

reading scriptures
nature
prayer

33
Q

how do theists believe nature reveals God

A

nature shows that God is creative, unique

reveals God’s presence in the world, immanence

34
Q

how is scripture a way of understanding the divine

A

Qur’an- muslims feel God’s presence whilst reading, as they are reading God’s direct words, his words hold power and value

Bible- describes God’s nature- E.g holy trinity, omnipotence

35
Q

give 5 of the 99 names of Allah

A

the creator
the merciful
the all knowing
the powerful
the guide

36
Q

God as personal
and immanent

A

God has relationships with his people, shows his benevolence

37
Q

God as impersonal and transcendent

A

God is not personally involved in people’s lives as he is above space and time
‘you perceive my thoughts from afar’

38
Q

arguments against religious experiences

A

-people could lie
-could be a hallucination
-could be under the influence of drugs, alcohol

39
Q

christian quotes about God creating the universe

A

‘in the beginning God created the heavens and earth’

‘god said let there be light, and there was light’

40
Q

muslim quotes for God creating the universe

A

‘we built the skies with our power and made them vast’

99 names- God is the powerful

‘god has power over all things’

41
Q

christian quotes about revelation

A

‘i speak to them in dreams’

42
Q

muslim teachings about revelation

A

the Qur’an was a revelation

‘it was in the month of ramadan that the qur’an was revealed as guidance for humankind’

‘this is the scripture containing guidance for those who are mindful of God’

43
Q

define agnostic

A

believe some being exists but believe there’s not enough evidence to prove God exists

44
Q

define conversion

A

changing from one thing to another

45
Q

define numinous

A

having a strong religious quality

46
Q

define ultimate reality

A

something that is the supreme power in all reality- God is the ultimate reality

T+P (9 decks)

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