Theme B Case Study: Development of Kulkatah, India (LEDC)

Question 1

In Kolkata, how long have shanty towns existed for?

Answer 1

150 years

Question 2

In the Kolkata Shanty Towns, what percentage did the population increase by from 1981 to 1991?

Answer 2

32%

Question 3

In 2001, how many people were living in the shanty towns of Kolkata?

Answer 3

5500

Question 4

Currently, how many people live in the Kolkata Bustees?

Answer 4

4.5 million

Question 5

People often move to shanty towns, like Kolkata, why is this?

Answer 5

They can’t afford to buy houses or pay expensive rent so they move to the shanty towns to build their own houses or rent cheaply

Question 6

How many generations have some people lived in the Kolkata Bustees for?

Answer 6

2 generations

Question 7

Why will Kolkata’s shanty towns continue to get bigger?

Answer 7

Natural increase and continuous immigration

Question 8

In Kolkata, why are some shanty towns found near the city centre?

Answer 8

There are older buildings that have become derelict

Question 9

Some shanty towns in Kolkata are often found near main road junctions beside factories and sometimes along canals, why is this?

Answer 9

Closer to get jobs and travel to jobs

Question 10

Some shanty towns in Kolkata are often found in vacant land east of the city, why is this?

Answer 10

Cheap and unwanted land - less likely to be bulldozed

Question 11

Kolkata shanty town houses are made from scrap wood and corrugated iron, why is this?

Answer 11

New settlers need the homes immediately

Question 12

According to the Indian Government, what is a slum?

Answer 12

A place unfit for human habitation

Question 13

The Kolkata bustees are very crowded, how many people share a room?

Answer 13

10-12

Question 14

In the Kolkata Bustees, how many people share a tap?

Answer 14

100

Question 15

In Kolkata Bustees, how many people share a toilet?

Answer 15

25-30

Question 16

Why do fires spread rapidly in Kolkata Bustees?

Answer 16

No street planning - buildings close together

Question 17

In the Kolkata Bustees, what percentage of people don’t have sewage disposal?

Answer 17

85%

Question 18

The Kolkata Bustees have registered bustees, what are they?

Answer 18

A bustee with better conditions and people have the right to live there.

Question 19

In the Kolkata Bustees, what is the average earnings per month?

Answer 19

£7-£24

Question 20

In the Kolkata Bustees, what percentage of people are below the poverty line?

Answer 20

75%

Question 21

In the Kolkata Bustees, what percentage of people have no steady income?

Answer 21

22%

Question 22

In the Kolkata Bustees, what percentage of children are malnourished?

Answer 22

50%

Question 23

How have the Indian government treated the Kolkata Bustees?

Answer 23

An eyesore and health hazard

Question 24

What year did the Indian government change their tactics to tackle bustees in Kolkata?

Answer 24

1974

Question 25

The Indian government introduced the Environment Improvement in Urban Sector scheme, what is this and has it had success?

Answer 25

A scheme to try to improve living conditions for slum dwellers

It has had some success but isn’t able to keep up with the number of new shanty towns

Question 26

What type of strategy is needed to reduce poverty and make improvements to the bustees in Kolkata?

Answer 26

A long term strategy

Question 27

What do the people of Kolkata use the banks of the Hoolay River for? (Type of Settlement) What is this area close to?

Answer 27

Used for squatter settlements and it is close to the CBD

Question 28

In Kolkata, why are some squatter settlements found near Ballygunge Station?

Answer 28

Close to work at the train station

Question 29

In Kolkata, why are there squatter settlements on the eastern outskirts near salt lakes? What does this mean for the quality of the land?

Answer 29

The land is cheap
However, land quality is poor eg prone to flood