Theme B: B1 Molecules - B1.1 Carbohydrates and Lipids

Question 1

macromolecules

Answer 1

Large, complex molecules composed of smaller subunits (monomers) joined together through covalent bonds. These include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Question 2

monomers

Answer 2

Small, basic molecular units that can bind together to form larger macromolecules (polymers) through covalent bonds. Examples of monomers include amino acids (which form proteins), nucleotides (which form nucleic acids), monosaccharides (which form carbohydrates), and fatty acids and glycerol (which form lipids).

Question 3

hydrolysis reaction

Answer 3

A chemical reaction in which a water molecule is used to break the bonds between monomers in a polymer. This process is the reverse of condensation reactions. Hydrolysis is important for the digestion and breakdown of macromolecules

Question 4

condensation reaction

Answer 4

A chemical reaction where two monomers are joined together to form a larger molecule (polymer), with the release of a water molecule. This process is the reverse of hydrolysis. Condensation reactions are essential in the formation of macromolecules