Theme 6a Humoral Response

Question 1

Affinity:

Answer 1

the strength of all non-covalent interactions between a single antigen binding site and a single epitope. dictated by Ag/Ab fit and number of interactions

Question 2

Avidity

Answer 2

The strength of multiple interactions between a multivalent Ab and an Ag. dictated by the affinity and the number of Ab/Ag bindings

Question 3

How does the antibody combining site come together?

Answer 3

Three complementary determining regions (CDRs) with invariant amino acids between them that allow the CDRs to form the antibody combining site.

Question 4

Cross reactivity

Answer 4

1 ab can bind multiple similar epitopes.

Due to either shared epitopes or different epitopes with similar chemical properties.

Question 5

antibody dependent enhancement

Answer 5

generation of antibodies from a primary infection or vaccine bind to a similar but different pathogen in a suboptimal way, resulting in the pathogen not being neutralized and being able to infect macrophages when they bind to the Fc receptors to phagocytose the still alive pathogen. Vaccine development.

Question 6

antibody functions

Answer 6

• Opsonization of pathogens for phagocytosis
• activating complement cascades for MAC cell lysis
• Enhancing inflammatory ability of neutrophils
• Recruiting cytotoxic cells
• recruiting and activating innate cells for ADCC or ADD killing.