Theme 5 Flashcards
Mouth
Submandibular Region
- Boundaries
- Contents
1.
Anterior: Anterior Digastric
Posterior: Posterior Digastric
Superior: Inferior body of the Mandible
Roof: Deep Cervical Fascia
Floor: Mylohyoid, Hyoglossus, Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor
2.
- Submandibular Gland and duct
- Facial Artery and vein
- Lingual Artery and vein (Lingual N is deep to the submandibular floor)
- CNXII
- Nerve to Mylohyoid - branch of the CNV3
- Inferior alveolar Stylohyoid Ligament
Submandibular Gland
- What type of gland is it?
- Innervation
- What is the role of the mylohyoid muscle?
- Size
- Where is the opening/duct?
- What crosses over the submandibular duct?
- Serious & Mucous gland
2.
Parasympathetic: postganglionic fibers from Submandibular ganglion VII, hanging off Lingual nerve
Sympathetic: Branches of Superior Cervical Ganglion
- Mylohyoid muscle separates it into deep &superficial lobes
- Intermediate between Partid (big) & Sublingual (small)
- duct runs from the deep lobe of the gland over the mylohyoid’s superior surface & opens at sublingual papilla at the base of the lingual frenulum
- Lingual nerve - first laterally & then medially
Boundaries of the Oral Cavity
Roof - Hard & Soft palates
Anterior - Lips
Lateral - Cheeks
Floor - Mylohyoid
Sublingual Gland
- What type of gland is it?
- Innervation
- Location
- Smallest, mixed serous & mucous
2.
Postganglionic fibres from submandibular ganglion
Preganglionic fibres from Chora Tympani -> Branch of CNVII
- Floor of the mouth, opens into mouth via small ducts
Contents of the Floor of the Mouth
Lateral to Hypoglossus
- Lingual Nerve (really close to lower 8s) + Damage = loss of touch & taste from anterior 2/3 mouth, loss of senstation from floor of the mouth & salivary function
- CNXII
- lingual Vein
- Deep lobe & duct of Submandibular gland
Medial to Hypoglossus muscle:
- CNIX
- Lingual Artery
- Stylohyoid ligament
Features of the Tongue
- What are the different structures found on the tongue?
- Where does each part of the tongue reside?
1.
Sulcus Terminalis: V-shaped groove on the tongue - dividing into Ant. 2/3 & Post. 1/3
Foramen Caecum: Pit at the apex of Sulcus Terminalis
Median Sulcus: Straight groove running down middle of tongue
Dorsum: Superior & Posterior roughened surface of tongue
Lingual Frenulmen: fold on interior surface of tongue. From base towards lower central incisors
2.
Ant. 2/3 = Oral Cavity
Post. 1/3 = Pharynx
Tongue Papillae
What are the different types of Papillae found?
Circumvallate Papillae IX:
- Large Circular Papillae
- 12 on Sulcus Terminalis
Filiform Papillae:
- Thin, pink threadlike projections
- Arranged in V-shaped rows parallel to Sulcus Terminalis
Fungiform Papillae:
- Mushroom-shaped red papillae
- More conc. at tip & lateral margins of tongue
Innervation of the Tongue & Papillae
Ant. 2/3: Lingual Nerve
Post. 1/3: CNIX
Taste = Chorda Tympani VII via Lingual V3
Motor Innervation of the Muscles of the Tongue
CNXII BUT Palatoglossus is Pharyngeal Plexus IX
Extrinsic Muscles of the Tongue - Overall function?
What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue? What are their functions?
Function: Change position
Hypoglossus: Depresses & retracts tongue
- Originates from upper aspects of Hyoid horns
- Wide & flat
- Forms floor of Submandibular Triangle with Mylohyoid
- Function: Depresses &retracts tongue
Styloglossus: Elevates & retracts tongue
Genioglossus: Retracts the Tip of the tongue (Superior fibres)
- separated into different sections of fibres
- Originates from superior genial tubercle of the mandible
- Lowest fibres into Hyoid bone
- Middle & Inferior fibres protrude the tongue
Palatoglossus: Elevates the back to the tongue
- closing of Oropharynx = allows swallowing
- Innervated by Pharyngeal Plexus IX
Intrinsic Muscles of the Tongue
- Overall function?
What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue? What are their functions?
Function: Change shape
Superior Longitudinal Fibres - under the Dorsum (surface of tongue)
&
Inferior Longitudinal Fibres : Shorten the tongue & curl the tip
Vertical Fibres: Flatten & broaden tongue
Transverse Fibres: Narrow tongue & curl up sides
Inferior Alveolar Nerve
- What is it a branch of?
- What is its pathway?
- Mandibular Division of Trigeminal Nerve = V3
2.
- Enters Mandibular Foramen - traveling across the alveolar process inside the mandible bone
- Mental nerve branch comes out of Mental Foramen
- After branching IAN = Incisive nerve: innervating canines & incisors
Innervation of Maxillary Teeth & Gingiva
Teeth: Superior Alveolars - all infraorbital branches
- 1-3: Anterior SA (central incisors to canine)
- 4-6: MIddle SA (pre molars)
- 7-8: Posterior SA (molars)
Buccal Gingiva: Long Buccal N &Post. Sup. Alveolar N
- 1-3: Infraorbital Nerve (central incisors to canine)
- 4-8: PSA & Long buccal N (pre molars & molars)
Palatal Gingiva: Greater Palatine
- 1-3: Nasopalatine Nerve
- 4-8: Greater Palatine Nerve
Innervation of Mandible Teeth & Gingiva:
Teeth: IAN (Inferior Alveolar Nerve)
- 1-3: Incisive nerve branch of IAN (central incisors to canine)
- 4-8: IAN
Buccal Gingiva:
- 1-3: Mental Nerve (IAN)
- 4-8: Long Buccal Nerve
Lingual Gingiva: Lingual Nerve (branch of IAN)
