Theme 2: Controlling The People Flashcards
Weimar control of people- Ebert in 1918-19
- left-wing revolution is a threat
- Ebert Groener Pact
- wanted working class to move towards republic- made max 8 hr day/ trade unions recognised
What was the Ebert Groener Pact?
Committed army to defend new regime against left
Weimar control of people- Ebert in 1920?
- Kapp Putsch showed difficulty regime had of imposing order
- Ebert unable to rely on army as senior generals used the reduction in army to remove officers who supported Republic
Weimar control of people- Ebert in controlling extremist parties?
- July 1921- Reichstag passes Law for the Protection of the Republic
- Designed to last 5 years
- increased sentences for politically motivated violence
Weimar control of people- Stresseman in 1924-29?
- needed economic turmoil of 1923
- policy if ‘fulfilment’ led to French and Belgium occupation of the Rhur
- ended hyper inflation
What two plans did Stresseman make?
- Dawes Plan- ensured economic recovery
- Young Plan- allies agreed to a compete withdrawal of Rhineland
Did Stresseman fully defeat extremism?
- no as 5.8 million Germans Appleseed Young Plan
Weimar control of people- Hindenburg and Article 48
- issued 5 emergency decrees in 1930
- used it to bypass democracy
- used it to attack aspects of Weimar constitution
Weimar control of people- Hindenburg and controlling extremism
- Bruning worked with Hindenburg- used article 48 to ban political uniforms
- SA couldn’t wear brown uniform now
- April 1932- Bruning persuaded Hindenburg to ban SA and SS
Nazi control: how was the radio controlled?
- Goebbels told radio broadcasters they had to support Nazi ideology
Nazi control: why was it difficult to control the press?
- Germany had a lot of newspapers- National, regional, individual
Nazi control: Law of 4th October 1933
Editor of newspaper now personally responsible for what they published and can be punished for it
Nazi control: What did the State Owned Press Agency do?
Newspapers were expected to pick up their stories from the agency
Nazi control: what was the purpose of the first concentration camps?
To hold political prisoners
Nazi control: what was the Gestapo?
- secret police
- weed out enemies of the state
Nazi control: what was role of SS?
- Hitler’s bodyguards
- ran concentration camps
Nazi control: how was the people’s court unfair?
Members of court selected from SS
Nazi control: how were Gauleiters and Bloc Wardens used?
- used to repress people
- watch for infringements of Nazi regime
Nazi control: what events were not reported in newspapers?
Pics of Nazi leaders drinking alcohol and certain people who had not been arrested
Nazi control: why did people loose interest in the press in 1934?
- aware they didn’t have much in common with reality
- more people became interested in rumours
Nazi control: what’s as the ‘special war penal code’?
- authorities could execute anybody they believed to be guilty of obstructing the war effort
FRG control: what was the FRG? And how was its power split?
- federal republic
- power divided between central and regional govt
FRG control: what was set up so ensure the govt acted legally and gave out equal rights?
- Bundesrat
- represented the Lander in parliament
FRG control: what was set up to endure govt acted legally and gave equal rights?
- Bundesrat
- represented lander
FRG control: what was the govt?
- more ‘reprehensive’ than a democracy
FRG control: why was the govt more ‘reprehensive’?
- done to control the populace as the allies felt that the German people could not be trusted to maintain democracy
FRG control: what was the voting system like for Bundestag?
- combination of proportional representation and First Past the Post (first party with most votes win)
- to ensure election was democratic
FRG control: what groups were set up to investigate people working against Basic Law?
- BFV in 1950
- BND in 1956
FRG control: who did the BND report to?
Chancellor
FRG control: what BND try to pass laws for and when?
- 1960, 1962, 1065
- open mail, search homes, monitor phone calls
FRG control: what emergency law was passed and when?
- 1968
- to be able to go through mail, search houses
- as protests by students and unions became violent
