Theme 1 - General Topics

Question 1

In an E/O examination of the eyes, what underlying conditions may be suggested by:
a) Exopthalmus
b) Jaundice
c) Redness
d) Scarring

Answer 1

a) Hyperthyroidism
b) Liver disease
c) Sjogrens syndrome, trauma
d) Trauma, infection, pemphigoid

Question 2

How can the following be palpated?
a) Parotid gland
b) Submandibular gland
What are you looking for?

Answer 2

a) In front of ears
b) Bimanually, one finger lingual of molar teeth, the other over submandibular triangle
Looking for symmetry, evidence of enlargement and salivary flow

Question 3

When assessing the TMJ, what are you looking for?

Answer 3

1) Facial symemetry (ie masseteric hypertrophy)
2) Noise or deviation of mandibular opening or closing paths
3) Mandibular opening extent and lateral excursions
4) Palpation of condyles for pain, abnormal movement
5) Palpation of maticatory muscles
6) Dentition and occlusion
7) Mucosal examination (occlusal lines or scalloping of tongue)

Question 4

How to test the facial nerve?

Answer 4

1) Wrinkle forehead
2) Raise eyebrows
3) Smiling
4) Purse lips
5) Close eyes

Question 5

What are the key principles of the mental capacity act 2005?

Answer 5

Pt must be assumed to have capacity
Pt can refuse treatment/unwise decision and have capacity
Act must be done in pts best interest

Question 6

How is mental capacity assessed?

Answer 6

Can the patient 1) Understand 2) Retain 3) Use or weigh up 4) Communicate

Question 7

What age is Gillick competence?

Answer 7

Children under 16 years

Question 8

What is clinical negligence?

Answer 8

Where the practitioner is held civilly liable for unintended harm suffered by the patient

Question 9

In the Medicines act of 1968, what do the following mean?
a) General Sales List (GSL)
b) Pharmacy Medicines (P)
c) Prescription only (POM)

Answer 9

a) No pharmacist on site but control strength and route of administration e.g. paracetamol, max 2 packets pp
b) From pharmacy over counter with advice
c) E.g. antibiotics

Question 10

What is the early access to medicines scheme (EAMS)?

Answer 10

Severely ill patients given promising innervative drugs. MHRA makes decision.

Question 11

What does the GDC say about prescribing medicines?

Answer 11

• Must be within competence and have understanding of MH
• Keep accurate records
• COntact GMP if unsure of MH
• Can prescribe any BNF medicine but only to meet identified dental needs of patient
• Only in an emergency can you prescribe medicines to anyone that you have a close personal relationship with

Question 12

When is D.O.B essential on a prescription?

Answer 12

If pt under 12

Question 13

What form is used for prescriptions in GDPs?

Answer 13

FP10D form

Question 14

What must be included on prescription if it is for a controlled drug e.g. morphine?

Answer 14

Total quantity in figures and words
Must say for dental treatment only

Question 15

What are the possible causes of a misleading electric pulp test?

Answer 15

Pulp bypassed- electrical contact with tooth next door, could touch amalgam restoration or electrical contact with gingival margin
Electrical insulation of pulp - large composite
Falsely low reading - incompletely formed root apex
Partially vital pulp - multiple canals
No check on validity - no normal teeth for comparison
Pt fails to report accurately

Question 16

What diagnoses can you make from the hands?

Answer 16

Rash on flexor surface of wrist - lichen planus
Finger clubbing - chronic respiratory and cardiac condition
Joint swelling - arthritis
Hypoplastic nails - ectodermal dysplasia, dyskeratosis congenita
Thin shiny white skin - Raynauds (associated with Sjogrens)
Palmer plantar keratosis - papillon-lefevre syndrome