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History: China > Theme 1: Establishing Communist Rule > Flashcards

Theme 1: Establishing Communist Rule Flashcards

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1
Q

What war did Mao win and when to put the Communists into power?

A

The Chinese Civil War in 1949

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2
Q

What regions made up China?

A

Tibet
Xinjiang
Guangdong

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3
Q

What percentage of the population still lived in rural areas?

A

80%

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4
Q

What was the effect on the economy of the Chinese Civil War?

A

Economy completely devastated
No stable or unified currency
Hyperinflation

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5
Q

What was the political effect of the Chinese Civil War?

A

Few experienced officials left to run cities or with enough technological knowledge to rebuild the economy.

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6
Q

What were the effects on industry of the war?

A

Industrial equipment destroyed
Nationalist forces attempted to sabotage industrial sites

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7
Q

How was agriculture effected by the Chinese Civil War?

A

Many peasants were forcibly conscripted meaning crops were left unattended (crops wilted and died)

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8
Q

How many members did the CCP have by the end of 1950?

A

5.8 million

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9
Q

What was Peng Dehuai’s role?

A

Minister of defence and commander-in-chief of the PLA

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10
Q

What were party cadres?

A

Representatives helped enforce the Party’s policies
Controlled schools and the legal system
Monitored the PLA and the civil service

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11
Q

What were work units called?

A

Danwei

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12
Q

What organisation helped indoctrinate the youth?

A

All-China Federation of Democratic Youth

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13
Q

What did the All-China Federation of Women do?

A

Mobilised women in support of the regime’s campaigns e.g. birth control and divorce rights

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14
Q

What is the CPPCC and what was it role?

A

Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference

Appoint the ministers who formed the new government, the Central People’s Government

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15
Q

What was the Common Programme?

A

Temporary constitution

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16
Q

How many members were in the Politburo?

A

14

17
Q

How many state officials were there in 1949 compared to 1959?

A

1949 - 720,000
1959 - 7.9 million

18
Q

When was the ‘Campaign to Suppress Counter-revolutionaries’?

A

March 1950

19
Q

When was the Three Antis Campaign?

A

August 1951

20
Q

When was the Five Antis Campaign?

A

February 1952

21
Q

What were the three antis?

A

Corruption, waste and bureaucracy

22
Q

What were ‘struggle meetings’?

A

Victims of the campaigns were forced to admit their guilt in front of large crowds demanding retribution

23
Q

What were the five antis?

A

Bribery, tax evasion, theft of state property, cheating on government contracts and stealing economic information

24
Q

When was the Reunification Campaigns?

A

1949-1950

25
Q

What areas were attacked in the Reunification Campaigns?

A

Tibet, Xinjiang, Guangdong

26
Q

What is the estimated amount of people executed in Guangdong?

A

28,000 people

27
Q

What was the Laogai system?

A

Labour camps in order to imprison their enemies

28
Q

How many were undergoing forced labour by the start of 1955?

A

> 1.3 million people

29
Q

When was the Hundred Flowers Campaign?

A

1956

30
Q

What did the HFC involve?

A

Mao encouraged criticism of the Party by intellectuals, asking them to engage in a discussion and debate about future policies

31
Q

What were some suggested reasons for the launch of the HFC?

A

Asking intellectuals for help
Rectification of the Party
Removal of Mao’s enemies
International concerns
Over-confidence

32
Q

What were the criticisms of Mao and the CCP?

A

Denounced the Party’s failure to provide democratic rights or freedom of expression

Attacked the privilege of Communist leaders

33
Q

What was Mao’s response to the HFC?

A

Launched the Anti-Rightist Campaign

34
Q

How many were purged during the Anti-Rightist Campaign?

A

Between 400,000 and 700,000

35
Q

When was the Korean War launched and with how many troops?

A

25th June 1950

135,000

History: China (4 decks)

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