Theme 1 Flashcards
What is the population density of Russia?
9 people per km^2
What is the average Russian family income?
$1250
What is the Russian literacy rate?
99.7%
What percentage of Russia use contraception?
80% of women aged 15-49.
What is the life expectancy in Russia?
63 for men, 75 for women: therefore there are 10.7 million more women.
What fraction of the population are potential emigrants?
1/5
What are the lowest temperatures reached in Russia?
-68°C
What is the fertility rate of Russia?
1.8
What is a population comparison of Russia
Within 35 years the population will decrease by roughly 20 million.
Low population density non statistical facts:
- it went from communist to capitalist.
- high rates of inequality, unemployment, and poverty.
How many Russian villages were abandoned?
8500 since 2002 (rural areas)
How much did the Russian workforce decrease?
800,000 within one year.
Other impacts of low population:
-younger people emigrate
-less attractive to businesses
-loss of facilities.
-unemployment.
(-higher emissions)
What is the population of Japan?
128 million, 1/5 of which are over 65.
What is the life expectancy in Japan?
84.
What is the retirement age in Japan?
It was raised from 60 to 65 due to the decreasing workforce (50% decrease in 50 years).
What is the dependency ratio of Japan?
69%.
Non statistical problems of increasing percentage of old dependents:
- pensions.
- lack of healthcare.
- need to increase tax.
- increased need of retirement homes.
- need for foreign workers.
What is the fertility rate in Japan?
1.25.
What percentage of women don’t marry in Japan?
30%.
How much child benefit is paid by the Japanese Government?
£60.
What is the infant mortality rate of Japan?
1.96.
Other causes for a high dependant population?
- increased education.
- lack of childcare facilities.
- pregnancy can be expensive.
What is the population of Bangladesh?
153 million.
What is the population density of Bangladesh?
1062/km^2.
What is the natural increase of Bangladesh?
1.6%. The population doubled in under 50 years.
What are unemployment rates in Bangladesh?
40% of Bangladesh is underemployed. (High poverty, more children, lower literacy rate)
Reasons for rural to urban migration in Bangladesh?
4/5 of the country lives in rural areas.
80% live on the floodplains of Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna.
What is the population density of Dhaka?
43000/km^2 (20 x the global average)
People per Doctor in Dhaka?
1 per 25000
How many admission seats are there in Dhaka?
20 per 20000 people
Infant mortality rate of Bangladesh?
43/1000
Birth rate of Bangladesh?
12.5/1000
Illiteracy rate of Bangladesh?
74%.
China fertility rate comparison?
5.7 in 1970 to 1.57 in 2015.
What was China’s population policy?
Restricting family sizes from 3 children to 1 child.
What happened to the legal marriage age?
It was increased to 22 for men and 20 for women; applications to the government had to be made before a marriage.
Why did people follow the population policy?
- forced abortions and sterilisations.
- incentives: free education, healthcare, housing, and jobs.
- 5-10% salary increase.
What’s the gender imbalance in China?
114:100
Population growth reduction in China?
10%
Chinese Population age?
17% are over 60
Dependency ratio of China?
46%
How many legal and illegal Mexican immigrants are there?
From 1965, over 16 million legal migrants into the USA.
7 million illegal ones.
6000 people died trying to do so.
1 million per year.
Mexican push factors compared to American pull factors:
- high crime rates: 47.5 thousand deaths in 5 years.
- poor medical facilities: 1800 people per doctor - 400 people per doctor
- low paid jobs: GNP of $4000 - $25000
- poor literacy rate: 55% - 99%
- school leaving age: 14 - 16.
- corruption in the government.
- unemployment: 40%
- poverty: 44.2%
Impacts on Mexico:
- fewer economically active people.
- increased dependant population.
- $6 billion per year sent to Mexico.
- pressures on services are reduced.
- gender inequality.
Impacts on the USA?
- money spent on border patrol and prison.
- improved cultural awareness - Spanish is now taught
- drug related crime increase.
