Thematic Essay 1855 - 1914: R Flashcards
Russification
What was Russification policies under Alexander II?
After 1863 Emancipation, surge in polish nationalism and cause of 1863 Polish Revolt. Tried to force Polish men to be enscripted to Russian army but ran way. Military support of Dabrowski. Placed under Milutin who exiled hundreds of nobility to Siberia, similar things to zemstva set up. Emancipated with more favourable tears with a reformed tax system. Poland became ‘Vistula Region’ of Russia, Russian national language and could not communicate with Vatican.
Ukrains had much of the same treatment. Decrees in 1863 and 1878 who banned publishing of Ukrainian books.
Most lenient with the Jews who he gave more freedom from the restrictive Pale of Settlement.
What was Russification policies under Alexander III?
Futhered treatment of Poles and Ukranians. Keeping them firmly under Russian control.
Was very anti-Semitic and persecuted Jews. Believed they were behind ‘Ignatiev memorandum’ and negative influences from the west. Caused pogroms which massaged Russian Jews and enforced stricter measures from 1882 onwards such as Jews back in the Pale of Settlement, restrictions on land purchases and Jews unable to have high positions in military or medicine.
What was Russification policies under Nicholas II?
For the Finns, Bobrikov integrated Russia fully into the Russian empire. Disbanding Finland’s separate army, abolishing Finnish State Secretariat and Russia became official language.
Was also very anti Semitic and accused them of being ‘revolutionaries’. However did allow them to sit on the duma.
