The World Before the Opening of the Atlantic Flashcards
A land bridge between northeastern Asia and present-day Alaska. It helped people cross into North America.
Bering Land Bridge.
Who crossed the Bering Land Bridge to Alaska?
The Paleo-Indians
A movement of people or animals from one region to another
Migration
People who hunted animals and gathered wild plants for food
Hunter-Gatherers
Climates and landscapes that surround living things
Environment
Is a group’s set of common values and traditions,including language,government, and family relationships
Culture
Aboveground houses made of a heavy clay called adobe
Pueblos
Underground ceremonial chambers
Kivas
Ancestor or animal spirits on tall, wooden posts
Totems
Cone-shaped shelters
Teepees
Ancestry traced through their mothers, not their fathers
Matrilineal
This confederation,or alliance,was established by the Cayuga,Mohawk,Oneida,and Seneca
First type of government and only native american alliance formed
Iroquois League
A group of people from northern Africa
Berbers
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Haji
Buildings for Muslim prayer
Mosques
Mali’s most famous ruler
Mansa Musa
One of Songhai’s greatest rulers, his real name was Muhammad Ture
Askia the Great
A great teacher who wanted to make people think and question their own beliefs
Socrates
A philosopher and teacher who wrote a work called “The Republic”
Plato
Taught that people should live lives based on reason
Aristotle
Clear and ordered thinking
Reason
A form of government in which people rule themselves
Democracy
Warriors who fought on horseback
Knights
The plague; a disease spread across Europe killing an estimated 25 million people
BlackDeath
Two of the greatest Renaissance artists
Michelangelo and Leonardo Di Vinci
A German man who developed a printing press that used movable type, it allowed an entire page to be printed out at once
Johannes Gutenberg
Business in which a group of people invest together
Joint-stock companies
What was the Ice Age?
A time when Earth’s climate was intensely cold
Why were the early people able to use the Bering Land Bridge?
Because the sea levels were low and the land bridge was formed
What is the earliest known civilization in the Americas and where was it located?
The Olmec. It is located in Mesoamerica
How did the Aztec build such a powerful, rich state?
By having cotton, gold, and food. They also had strong alliances and armies.
Why did the Anasazi build kivas?
Because they were sacred places and they were used for religious ceremonies
What different types of housing were built by the Anasazi?
Pueblos, Cliff Dwellings, and Pit houses
Why were mounds built in the same shape of birds and snakes?
They worshipped nature in animals
What are culture areas?
The geographic locations that influenced society
What did the North and Northwest Native Americans eat?
Fish, and large mammals
What did the Native Americans in the West and Southwest eat?
Maize, squash, and beans
What were the most valuable trade items in West Africa?
Salt and Gold
How did some people become slaves?
Being captured in battles or they were criminals
When citizens elect representatives to make laws
Republic
Name the feudalism pyramid from top to bottom.
Pope King Nobles Knights Peasants
How were people unified in the Middle Ages?
They were all unified by the Catholic Church since nearly everyone in Europe was Catholic
What are Crusades?
Holy wars created by European Christians against Muslim Turks
What was the goal of the Crusades?
To recapture the Holy Land, the land where Jesus lived
What were the Renaissance Men and Women?
Well rounded people , knowledgable in the arts,science, literature, and reason
What was a key feature in the Renaissance?
Love of art and education
