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AQA Psychology - Memory > The Working Memory Model > Flashcards

The Working Memory Model Flashcards

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1
Q

What did Baddeley and Hitch (1974) believe?

A

Memory is not just one store but multiple stores

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2
Q

What did Baddeley and Hitch (197) focus on long term memory or short term memory?

A

Short term memory

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3
Q

What did Baddeley and Hitch (1974) believe about the STM?

A

That it is a unitary store

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4
Q

What did Baddeley and Hitch (1974) believe about the LTM?

A

More passive store that hold previous learned materials for the use by the STM when needed

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5
Q

What is the working memory model (WMM)?

A
  • Explanation of how STM is organised and how it function

- Works its the active mind

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6
Q

Who proposed the working memory model?

A

Baddeley and Hitch (1974)

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7
Q

What are the four different stores of the working memory model?

A
  • Centra executive
  • Episodic buffer
  • Visuo-spatial sketchpad
  • Phonological loop
  • Long-term memory
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8
Q

What is another name for ‘store’ in the working memory model?

A

Slave system

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9
Q

What is the 1st slave system?

A

Phonological loop

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10
Q

What is the 2nd slave system?

A

Visuo-spatial sketchpad

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11
Q

What is the 3rd slave system?

A

Episodic buffer

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12
Q

What is the main purpose of the central executive?

A
  • Receive info from the slave systems and long terms memory and perception
  • Then sift, sort and combine this info until decision reached
  • Reasoning and decision making
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13
Q

What is the main purpose of the phonological loop?

A

To hold and rehearse any words that are currently being considered

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14
Q

What is the phonological loop also know as?

A

Inner ear

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15
Q

What does the phonological loop consist of?

A
  • Phonological store

- Articulatory process

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the phonological store?

A

-Store the words you hear

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17
Q

What is the purpose of the articulatory process?

A

Allows the mainlanders rehearsal (repeating sounds in the MWW in order to keep them)

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18
Q

What is the main purpose of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

A

To hold static images and to manipulate them

19
Q

What is the visuo-spatial sketchpad also know as?

A

Inner eye

20
Q

What is the visuo-spatial sketchpad divided into?

A
  • Visual cache

- Inner scribe

21
Q

What is the purpose of the visual cache in the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

A

Stores visual data

22
Q

What is the purpose of the inner scribe in the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

A

Records arrangement of objects in the visual field

23
Q

What is the main purpose of the episodic buffer?

A
  • Temportay store for information received yet he central executive -Maintain a sense of time frequency
  • Link to the LTM to wider cognitive processes
24
Q

What is the capacity of the central executive?

A

Limited

25
Q

What is the coding of central executive?

A

-Modality free

26
Q

What is the capacity of the phonological loop?

A

2 seconds’ worth of information

27
Q

What is the coding of the phonological loop?

A

Acoustic

28
Q

What is the capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

A

3-4 objects

29
Q

What is the coding of the visua-spatial sketchpad?

A

Visual

30
Q

What is the capacity of the episodic buffer?

A

Limited - about 4 chunks

31
Q

What is the coding of the episodic buffer?

A

Modality free

32
Q

What did Shallice and Warrington (1970) do?

A
  • Case study
  • Patient KF
  • Poor STM ability for verbal info
  • Could process visual info normally
33
Q

What did Shallice and Warrington (1970) conclude?

A
  • Phonological loop had been damaged

- Suggest separate visual and acoustic stores

34
Q

What is the disadvantage of case studies?

A

Unique cases of patients who have had a traumatic experience

35
Q

What store does Baddeley et al (1975) support?

A

Visual-spatial sketchpad

36
Q

What did Baddeley et al (1975) find?

A

Found participants had more difficulty doing two visual tasks than doing a visual and verbal task at the same time

37
Q

What did Baddeley et al (1975) suggest why it is harder to complete two visual tasks at the time?

A

-Due their being limited recourses but when doing a visual and verbal task at the same time there is no competition so there is evidence of visuo-spatial sketchpad

38
Q

Why is there a lack of clarity of the central executive a limitation?

A

As not enough explanation on its specific job, WMM isn’t fully explained

39
Q

Does the work of Baddeley et al (1975) support the phonological loop as well as the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

A

Yes

40
Q

How does Baddeley et al (1975) research support the phonological loop?

A

People have difficulty remembering a list of long words due to the limited capacity for rehearsal in the articulatory process but disappears if a person is given a repetitive task (Word length is important)

41
Q

Is the WMM supported by cognitive psychologists?

A

No

42
Q

Does brain scanning studies support the WMM?

A

Yes

43
Q

Who studied into the working memory model using brain scanning techniques?

A

Bravel et al (1997)

44
Q

What did Braver et al (1997) do?

A

Prefrontal cortex increased in activity when task became harder showing the central executive increase in in activity

AQA Psychology - Memory (9 decks)

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