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Edexcel GCSE History- Weimar and Nazi Germany > The Weimar Republic > Flashcards

The Weimar Republic Flashcards

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1
Q

How many troops died in WW1?

A

2 million

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2
Q

How many troops were injured in WW1?

A

4 mllion

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3
Q

What was Germany’s debt at the end of the war?

A

150 billion marks

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4
Q

Where were the mutinies at the end of the war?

A

Kiel and Hamburg

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5
Q

When did the Kaiser lose control of the army?

A

28th october 1918

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6
Q

When did Kurt Eisner lead the revolution in Bavaria?

A

7th November 1918

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7
Q

Where did workers go on strike at the end of ww1?

A

The Daimler Plant in Stuttgart

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8
Q

How many Germans had died from food shortages during WW1?

A

750,000

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9
Q

When was the kaiser forcedd o abdicate after lsing support of the army?

A

9th November 1918

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10
Q

Who did Max von Baden give chancellorship to and when?

A

Friedrich Ebert on the 9th November 1918

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11
Q

What agreement was made on the 10th November between Ebert and Groener?

A

That the army would work with the government to keep the communists out of power

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12
Q

When was the Reichstag suspended?

A

10th November 1918

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13
Q

Who ran the country whilst the Reichstag was suspended?

A

The Council of People’s representatives

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14
Q

When was the armistice signed?

A

11th November 1918

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15
Q

What did Ebert do with the civil servants who had ran Germnay under the Kaiser?

A

Kept them in office and instructed them to work alongside soldier’s and worker’s councils

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16
Q

What did Ebert reassure Groener about?

A

The army would not be reformed

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17
Q

How did Ebert reassure leaders of industry?

A

By promising them that the New Republic would not nationalise industries or confiscate land

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18
Q

How did Ebert win support of the trade unions?

A

By promising them that the new republic would endeaour to create an 8 hour working day

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19
Q

When was the national assembly voted for?

A

19th January 1919

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20
Q

How many seats did the SPD gain in the national assembly?

A

40%

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21
Q

When was the Weimar Constitution agreed?

A

31st July 1919

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22
Q

Who were allowed to vote as decreed by the Weimar Constitution?

A

all men and women over 21

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23
Q

What did article 1 of the constitution decree?

A

Germany was a democracy

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24
Q

Under what system was the Reichstag elected?

A

Proportional representation

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25
Q

How often was the president voted for?

A

Every 7 years

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26
Q

How often was the parliament voted for?

A

Every 4 years

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27
Q

Who did the president elect?

A

chancellor

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28
Q

What did Article 48 state?

A

In a crisis, the chancellor could ask the president to pass a necessary law by decree, without the support of the Reichstag

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29
Q

How many coalition governments were there between 1919 and 1923?

A

9

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30
Q

When was the treaty of Versailles signed?

A

28th June 1919

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31
Q

What was the Treaty of Versailles called by the Germans?

A

Diktat

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32
Q

What did article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles State?

A

Germany accept full cause and responsibility for the war

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33
Q

How much reparations did Germany have to pay the allies?

A

£6.6 billion (136,000 million marks)

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34
Q

How many african and far eastern colonies did Germany lose?

A

11

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35
Q

How many men in the army were Germnay allowed?

A

100,000

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36
Q

Whhat happened to the air force due to the Treaty of Versailles?

A

It was destroyed

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37
Q

What area of land was demilitarised until 1930?

A

Rhineland

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38
Q

What was the navy limited to?

A

6 battleships, 6 cruisers, 12 destroyers and 12 torpedo boats, 0 submarines

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39
Q

How much of its population did Germany lose?

A

10%

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40
Q

What did France gain from Germany?

A

the output of the Saar coalfields for 15 years and Alsace-Lorraine

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41
Q

How much European territory did Germany lose?

A

13%

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42
Q

How much of its iron and coal reserces did Germany lose?

A

50% of iron and 15% of coal

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43
Q

What was dolchstoss?

A

The theory that the Germans had been stabbed in the back by their politicians because they didn’t actually lose the war

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44
Q

What were the moderate politicians who created the Weimar Republic known as?

A

November criminals

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45
Q

How many seats did the moderate parties win in January 1919? June 1920?

A

January 1919 - 77%

June 1920 - %45

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46
Q

Who were the Spartacists led by?

A

Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht

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47
Q

Where did the Spartacist League come from?

A

THe USPD party

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48
Q

Which popular police chief did Ebert sack? When?

A

Emil Eichhorn - 4th January 1919

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49
Q

When did the Spartacist revolt take place?

A

6th January

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50
Q

Who did the Government use to put down the spartacist revolt?

A

Freikorps

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51
Q

What were the Freikorps?

A

Thousands of demobilised soldiers organised into units

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52
Q

How many people were in the Freikorps by march 1920?

A

250,000

53
Q

When was the Spartacist revolt stoppped?

A

13th January 1919

54
Q

When were Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht killed?

A

`16th January 1919

55
Q

Into what two houses was the parliament split into?

A

Reichstag and Reichsrat

56
Q

What triggered the Kapp Putsch?

A

The fear amongst the Friekorps of being disbanded

57
Q

How many armed men took part in the Kapp Putsch?

A

5000

58
Q

How did the Weimar Politicians put down the putsch?

A

By ordering a general strike

59
Q

How many political assassinations were there between 1919 and 1922?

A

376

60
Q

What was the name of the KPD’s private army?

A

The Red Front Fighters

61
Q

What was the name of the DNVP’s private army?

A

Steel Helmets

62
Q

What was the name of the SPD’s private army?

A

Black Red Gold Flag

63
Q

When did Germany fail a reparations payment of coal to France?

A

December 1922

64
Q

When did the French invade the Ruhr?

A

January 1923

65
Q

How much of Germany’s coal, iron and steel reserves were in the Ruhr?

A

80%

66
Q

What did the government command the workers in the Ruhr to do?

A

Go on passive resistance but still get paid

67
Q

How did the Weimar Government try to cope with all their debt?

A

By printing more money

68
Q

What did printing more money cause for the German people?

A

Hyperinflation

69
Q

Compare the price of a loaf of bread in 1919 to 1923

A

1919- 1 marks

1923 - 200,000 billion marks

70
Q

What were the three main negative impacts of hyperinflation?

A
  • Normal living became impossible
  • Everyone suffered shortages
  • People lost the worth of their savings
71
Q

What were the positive impacts of hyperinflation?

A
  • Debt value and owed money value went down
  • Items could be sold for large profits as prices went up
  • Foreign visitors benefitted
72
Q

When did Gustav Stresemann become chancellor?

A

August 1923

73
Q

When did Stresemann just become foreign secretary?

A

November 1923

74
Q

What did Stresemann introduce to solve hyperinflation?

A

The new state owed Rentenbank and currency Rentenmark backed by German industrial plants and agricultural land

75
Q

When did Stresemann introduce the Rentenmark?

A

November 1923

76
Q

When was the Reichsbank given control of the currency?

A

August 1924

77
Q

What was the Reichsmark backed by?

A

Germany’s gold reserves

78
Q

When was the Dawes Plan?

A

April 1924

79
Q

What was the Dawes Plan?

A
  • reparations are temporarily reduced to £50 million per year
  • US banks agree to loan $25 billion to German industry between 1924 and 1930
80
Q

When did the French leave the Ruhr?

A

1924

81
Q

What happened to industrial output between 1923 and 1928?

A

It doubled

82
Q

What happened to employment, trade and income after the Dawes plan?

A

Increased

83
Q

When was the Young Plan made?

A

1929

84
Q

What was the Young Plan?

A
  • reparations reduced to £2 billion

- 59 more years to pay

85
Q

What did the Young plan allow the Government to do?

A

Lower taxes on ordinary german people

86
Q

When did the French agree to leave the Rhineland?

A

1930

87
Q

WHat percentage of voters, voted in favour of the Young plan?

A

85%

88
Q

When was the locarno pact signed?

A

1925

89
Q

What was agreed with the Locarno pact?

A
  • Germany accepted new border with France
  • Rhineland would be permanently demilitarised
  • Open talks about Germany’s membership at the League of Nations
90
Q

When prize did Stresemann win in 1926?

A

Nobel peace prize

91
Q

When were Germany allowed a seat on the League of Nation’s council?

A

1926

92
Q

When was the Kellog-Briand Pact signed?

A

1928

93
Q

What did the Kellog-Briand pact state?

A

Countries would use diplomacy and discussion to achieve their foreign policy aims instead of war

94
Q

How much did votes for extremist parties decrease between 1924 and 1928?

A

12%

95
Q

How much did votes for moderate parties increase by between 1924 and 1938?

A

8%

96
Q

When did President Ebert die?

A

1925

97
Q

Who replaced Ebert as president in 1925?

A

Paul Von Hindenburg

98
Q

What were the unemployment figures in 1926 and 1928?

A

1926 - 2 million

1928 - 1.3 million

99
Q

What act was passed in 1927?

A

The Unemployment Insurance Act

100
Q

What did the Unemployment Insurance Act did?

A

Charged workers 3% of their wages and in return provided an average of 60 marks a week in unemployment and sickness benefits if they fell out of work

101
Q

How much did real wages rise by between 1925 and 1928?

A

25%

102
Q

How much did the average working week decrease to in 1927?

A

46 hours

103
Q

How many more houses were needed in Germany in 1923?

A

1 million

104
Q

How many new houses were built from 1925 to 1929?

A

over 100,000

105
Q

What did the Reich Pension law grant?

A

pensions for 750,000 war veterans, 400,000 war widows and 200,000 parents of dead servicemen

106
Q

How many women had been elected to the reichstag by 1932?

A

112

107
Q

What percentage women were in work in 1925?

A

36%

108
Q

How much less were women paid compared to men?

A

33%

109
Q

How many female judges were there in Germany in 1933?

A

36

110
Q

How many more female doctors were there in 1932 in comparison to 1925?

A

2,500

111
Q

What was the ‘New Woman’?

A

A more independent woman who went out more and bought more clothes

112
Q

What was the birthrate in 1925?

A

80/100,000

113
Q

What was the divorce rate in the 1920s?

A

60/100,000

114
Q

What were the three new art styles developed under the Weimar Regime?

A
  • Modernism
  • Expressionism
  • New Objectivism
115
Q

Who did the Government give grants to?

A

Art galleries. theatres, orchestras, museums, libraries

116
Q

Which exoressonist painter was often very critical of German society in his work?

A

Otto Dix

117
Q

What famous work did Erich Mendelsohn do, inspired by the Bauhaus?

A

Designed the futuristic, rocket like Einstein Tower

118
Q

How many cinemas with sound were there by 1932?

A

3,800

119
Q

Who was the famous German film director?

A

Fritz Lang

120
Q

How many copies did All Quiet on the Western Front sell in 1929?

A

500,000

121
Q

What was the Bauhaus movement?

A

A design college in Berlin which stressed the beauty in technology, simple lines and careful craftmanship

122
Q

Who was the world famous German actress?

A

Marlene Dietrich

123
Q

What was the famous risque night club scene called?

A

Cabaret

124
Q

What group of people became more accepted in Berlin?

A

Homosexuals

125
Q

How much did farm workers earn by 1929? Why

A

Half the national average due to the fall in food prices

126
Q

How much did the Nazi party grow to in 1929?

A

over 100,000

127
Q

How was the new golden age life described as by traditionalists?

A

decadent

128
Q

How many votes did the SPD party get in the June 1920 elections?

A

21.9%

129
Q

What was unemployment like in 1928?

A

It was at its lowest levels since 1918

Edexcel GCSE History- Weimar and Nazi Germany (7 decks)

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