Hitler's Rise to Power Flashcards
1
Q
What award was Hitler granted during the war?
A
Iron Cross
2
Q
How did Hitler become aware of the DAP?
A
He was charged with keeping an eye on local political activists in the Munich area
3
Q
When was the German Worker’s Party founded?
A
February 1919
4
Q
Who founded and originally led the DAP?
A
Anton Drexler
5
Q
When did Hitler join the DAP?
A
19th September 1919
6
Q
What position did Hitler earn in January 1920?
A
Head of Party Propaganda
7
Q
What was the name of the DAP’s party policy?
A
25 point programme
8
Q
When was the 25 point programme made?
A
February 1920
9
Q
What three main things was the 25 point programme opposed to?
A
- Weimar Politicians
- Democracy
- Jews
10
Q
How did Hitler’s personal appeal improve the party?
A
He was a great orator
11
Q
On how many occasions between November 1919 and November 1920, did Hitler appear as star speaker?
A
31
12
Q
How many members of the DAP were there in June 1920?
A
1,000
13
Q
How many members of the DAP were there by the end of the 1920s?
A
3,000
14
Q
When did the party set up a permanent office in Munich?
A
January 1920
15
Q
What did Hitler suggest as the new name for the party?
A
Nationalist Socialist German Worker’s Party (NSDAP)
16
Q
What logo and parry action did the NSDAP adopt?
A
The swastika and straight-arm salute
17
Q
What did the NSDAP buy in December 1920?
A
The People’s Observer newpaper
18
Q
How many copies of the People’s Observer were in circulation?
A
17,000
19
Q
When did Hitler become leader of the NSDAP?
A
July 1921
20
Q
Which four supporters did Hitler surround himself with upon coming to party leadership?
A
- Rudolf Hess (wealthy academic)
- Hermann Goering (WW1 fighter pilot)
- Julius Streicher (nationalist politician, iron cross)
- Ernst Rohm (popular ex-army officer)
21
Q
How did Julius Streicher increase Nazi party support?
A
- His own supporters from Central Germany then started supporting Nazis.
- Founder Der Sturmer in 1923, which abused Jews and Communists
- 14,000 copies in circulation
22
Q
When was the SA set up?
A
August 1921
23
Q
How many SA members were there i Agust 1922?
A
800
24
Q
How did the SA strenghten the Nazi Party?
A
- Had sense of power and organisation
- Controlled crowds and subdued opposition
- Disrupted opposition meetings
- Paraded streets as show of force
25
What was the name of Hitler's personal bodyguard he selected from the SA?
Stosstrupp
26
How did Hitler gain total control of the nazi party in January 1922?
Gave up right to elect leader of the party and dictated policy instead of discussing it (lasted 2.5 hours)
27
How many members of the NSDAP were there in November 1923?
50,000
28
When was the Munich Putsch?
8th- 11th November 1923
29
What were the long term causes of the Munich Putsch?
- Dolchstoss and the diktat
- Resentment of Weimar Republic
- 50,000 members of NSDAP
- Bavarian Government Leaders relaxed control
30
What were the medium term causes of the Munich Putsch?
- Mussolini's Inspiration
| - Fascist takover in Italy in 1922
31
What were the short term causes of the Munich Putsch?
- Hyperinflation
- Invasion of Ruhr, passive resistance and deportation and imprisonment of workers
- Time to exploit grievances
32
Who were the three key Bavarian officials at the Burgerbrau Keller?
```
Gustav von Kahr (state gov leader)
von Seisser (head of Bavarian Police)
von Lossow (head of German Army in Bavaria)
```
33
How many SA members stormed into the Beer hall?
600
34
What did Hitler demand of the Bavarian officials?
-Support
35
What did Hitler want support for, from the Bavarian officials?
He was going to take over Bavaria and then march on Berlin and put Ludendorff as leader of the German Army
36
What did Rohm and the SA do whilst Hitler was in the Beer Hall?
Take over the local police and army headquarters
37
Which significant building did Rohm not take over during the Putsch?
The main barracks
38
Who did Ludendorff fatefully release during the Putsch?
Kahr, Seisser, Lossow
39
How much support did Hitler have in his revolt on the 9th November 1923?
1,000 SA and 2,000 supporters
40
Which of Hitler's beliefs were not fufilled during the Munich Putsch?
The support from the townspeople
41
Which organisation put down the Putsch?
State Police
42
Which leaders were arrested after the putsch?
- Ludendorff
- Rohm
- Streicher
- Hitler
43
What happened to the leaders of the party after arrest?
Three of them sentenced to five years in Landsberg prison but Lundendorff set free
44
What happened to the party whilst Hitler was in prison?
Banned
45
How much of Hitler's sentence did he serve?
Nine months
46
When was the ban on the NSDAP lifted?
February 1925
47
How many seats did the Nazi Party win in May 1924?
32
48
What were the three advantages of the Munich Putsch?
- Hitler used his trial to get publicity
- Hitler wrote Mein Kampf in jail
- Hitler changed his strategy - ballot over the bullet
49
What racist views did Mein Kampf make clear?
- Aryan race supremacy and world leadership
- Jewish conspiracy against Aryans
- Jews weaken Aryan race by intermarriage, taking over industry and moderate political groups
50
Other than racism, what where the four other key views expressed in Mein Kampf?
- Nationalism and Lebensraum
- Socialism
- Totalitarianism
- Traditional German Values
51
How did the Nazi party get better organised and financed?
By the appointment of party Secretary, Philipp Bouhler and party treasurer, Franz Schwarz
52
What was the Nazi party imitated to be like?
A mini state with different governmental departments
53
What youth and female organisations were set up?
- German Women's Order
- Nationalist Socialist German Student's League
- Hitler Youth
- School Pupil's League
54
What were the regions of Germany divided into and given?
Gaues with Gauleiters
55
Who was Gregor Strasser?
A powerful Gauleiter in North Germany
56
Where did Josef Goebbels rise to prominence as a gauleiter?
Rhineland
57
How did Hitler pay for his party's reorganisation?
- Raised money from nationalist inudustrialists
| - Received loans from big businessmen like Thyssen, Krupp and Bosch
58
How many SA members were there by 1930?
400,000
59
When did Hitler become leader of the SA?
1925
60
What was the SS created?
1925
61
How many members did the SS have by 1930?
3,000
62
From when did Himmler lead the SS?
1929
63
When was the Bamburg Conference?
1926
64
Which two leaders stressed socialism at the Bamburg conference?
Strasser and Goebbels
65
How did Hitler respond to Strasser and Goebbels at the Bamburg Conference?
Put down socialist principles of the parties, claiming the pair were evil communists
66
What happened to Strasser and Goebbels at the Bamburg Conference?
Goebbels was won over to Hitler's nationalist side and promoted to Gauleiter of Berlin but Strasser remained untrusted
67
How many members did the Nazi party have in 1929?
100,000
68
How many votes did the SPD win the may 1928 election with?
30%
69
How many seats did the Nazi party have in may 1928?
12
70
When was the wall street crash?
October 1929
71
How many shares were sold on Black Thursday?
13 million
72
What happened to banks during the Wall Street Crash?
- Some ran out of cash
- German Civil Bank went bust
- Savings were lost
- Loads of money was lost
73
What happened to German industry and farms after the recall of loans?
They cut down production or closed completely
74
How much did production fall by between 1929 and 1932?
40%
75
How many people were unemployed in January 1933?
6.1 million
76
How many people were unemployed in September 1931?
4.3 million
77
How many people received no benefits?
27%
78
How much did real wages decrease by from 1928 to 1932?
30%
79
How much did the number of arrests in Berlin for theft increase by?
24%
80
How did the Bruning try to deal with the crash?
Raise taxes and cut unemployment benefits
81
Which moderate leader failed to support Bruning?
Hermann Muller
82
How many times did the Reichstag meet in 1930? 1931? 1932?
1930 - 94
1931 - 41
1932 - 13
83
How many decrees did Bruning use in 1931? 1932?
1931- 44
| 1932 - 66
84
When did Bruning resign?
May 1932
85
How many votes did the Nazi party get in 1930?
107
86
How many votes did the Nazi party get in July 1932?
230
87
How many votes did the KPD party gain from 1928 to 1932?
35
88
What was Hitler's appeal during the great depression?
- Strong leader
- Promised law and order
- Treat Germany fairly
- Scrap Treaty of Versailles
89
What was the SA's appeal during the great depression?
- Reliable, organised and disciplined through chaos
- Intimidated other candidates
- Tore down opposition posters
- Broke into offices and disrupted rallies
90
How did the Nazis appeal to big businessmen?
-Provided protection from communism and nationalisation
91
How did big business aid the Nazi party 1930-33?
- Poured money into party, e.g. Benz and Krupps
| - Alfred Hugenberg allowed Goebbels to use newspapers for Nazi propaganda
92
How did the Nazis appeal to the working class?
- Promise of work and bread on posters
- Socialist elements
- Traditional german values
93
How did the Nazis appeal to the middle class?
- Great depression damaged them and Hitler could help
- Protection from communists
- Saw end to moral decline and decadence with traditional values
94
How did the Nazis appeal to farmers?
- Policy changed so only private land owned by Jews would be confiscated
95
How many votes did the Nazis gain from some rural areas?
60%
96
How did the Nazis appeal to young people?
- Party was exciting and promising
| - New and gave young people something to do and be proud of and fight for
97
How many Nazi party members were there in 1933?
849,000
98
How did the Nazis appeal to women?
- Stressed German values with the home
- Claimed best for families and country
- Traditional motherly values
99
What did the Nazi party manage to do by 1933?
Unite different sections of society
100
How many votes did Hitler win in the March 1932 presidential elections?
11 million
101
How many votes did Hindenburg win in the March 1932 presidential elections?
18 million
102
How many votes did Hitler win in the April 1932 presidential elections?
13 million
103
How many votes did Hindenburg win in the April 1932 presidential elections?
19 million
104
What two fatal policies did Bruning introduce in April 1932?
- Banning of SS and SA
| - Plan to buy up land from large landowners and use it to house unemployed
105
Who became chancellor after Bruning?
von Papen
106
Who ran the country with von Papen in charge?
The Cabinet of Barons
107
What did Hitler demand after the July 1932 elections?
That Hindenburg sack von Papen and make him chancellor
108
What did Hitler's Majority in November 1932 elections result in?
Von Papen's removal
109
Who became chancellor in December 1932?
Von Schleicher
110
What request did von Schleicher make to Hindenburg?
Make him head of a military dictatorship and suspend the constitution
111
What solution did von Papen give Hindenburg?
Make Hitler chancellor and von Papen vice chancellor and use Papen's power with Hindenburg's to make decisions and just use Hitler as a figurehead
112
When was Hitler appointed as chancellor?
30th January 1933
