The Weimar Republic Flashcards
What were the events leading to the Nazis coming to power?
Nazis seen as a violent, extremist, “bully boy” party, October 1929 - Wall Street crash, worldwide economic slump in trade - 6 million unemployed and 17 million reliant on the dole
When did Hitler come to power?
January 1933
What did the Nazis offer?
Work and bread - “Arbeit und brot”, 1928 - 12 seats in the Reichstag
1930 - 107 seats in the Reichstag
When were the Nazis the largest party in the Reichstag?
June 1932 with 230 seats
What did president Hindenburg do?
Refused to give Hitler chancellor and have the job to aristocratic Von Papen, later in January 1933 - hitler came to power
What happened during the election campaign?
The Reichstag burnt down - 27th February 1933, Marinus van der Lubbe was arrested
How did Hitler take action?
He persuaded Hindenburg to pass emergency legislation restricting personal liberty, thousands of communist supporters were thrown into prison
What did Hitler have the opportunity to pass?
The enabling law - he would be able to govern for 4 years without the consent of the Reichstag
When was the enabling act passed?
In march 1933 by 441 votes to 94
How did the Nazis consolidate power?
Destroyed opposition, night of the long knives, media was censored, public book burning, use of terror, concentration camps, SS, GESTAPO
How did Nazis remain in power?
Controlled all aspects of peoples lives, controlled the media, propaganda was effective, controlled education service, rebuilt the economy and reduced unemployment to 0
When was economic recovery and political stability seen in Germany?
1924 - 1929
Who became new Chancellor?
Gustav Stresemann - he called off the passive resistance in the Ruhr, introduced a new currency - Rentenmark, started to pay reparations again
What did Germany get in return for paying reparations again?
An entry to the Dawes plan - 1924 - allowing Germany paying reparations they could afford
How much money did the Americans agree to lend Germany?
800 million marks - used for new factories - this reducing unemployment, new roads, railways and nearly 3 million new homes
When did French and Belgium troops leave the Ruhr?
1925
When was the Great Depression?
1929
When did Germany sign the Locarno treaties?
1925 - agreeing never to change the borders between F, B and G
When did German join the LON?
1926 - recognised as a trusted equal and a great power, given a permanent seat on the league’s council alongside Britain and France
When did Germany agree to sign the Kellogg-Briand Pact alongside with 64 other nations?
1928 - renounced war as a means of settling disputes between nations
When did growth in industry being to slow down?
1927
How many governments were there in 14 years?
25
Who were determined to overthrow the Weimar Republic?
Extremist parties such as the Nazis and communists - president Hindenburg disliked the Weimar Republic
What did proportional representation lead too?
To many small parties in the Reichstag - often wouldn’t co-operate with each other and led to frequent changes of government
Weimar Republic problems
Spartakists uprising - 1919 Kapp Putsch - 1920 Munich or beer hall putsch - 1923 Invasion of the Ruhr - 1923 Hyperinflation - 1923
