The Wars of Independance Flashcards
Falkirk
Who won?
What happened to Wallace after?
Why could Edward not complete his Scottish conquest?
What happened?
The English
He resigned as guardian and lost support/backing from many powerful noblemen whose support he needed
Was forced to return to England because he didn’t have enough food/supplies for a long campaign
The English cavalry charged causing the Scottish to panic and desert without putting up a fight
English then attacked the archers between the schiltrons➡️ separated and vulnerable to attack
Calvary charged in and there was a Scottish slaughter….
Wallace had to flee
Stirling Bridge
Who won?
Who was supposed to win and why?
The scots won
The English should have won because they hugely outnumbered the Scots
Bannockburn
When?
How were the English horses defeated?
Name of the route the English would approach Stirling through?
Who was one of the English commanders that was killed by Robert The Bruce?
What were some of the English armies faults?
Why did the battle happen/occur?
23rd-24th of June 1314
Caltrops stuck in the ground
Old roman road
Henry de Bohun
They were disoriented after the journey, no time to feed/rest their men, forced to spend the night on marshy ground, unable to move easily, kept arguing amongst each other
By the summer of 1314, only Bothwell and Stirling Castle remained under English control
Margret Maid of Norway
Who was she?
Why was she a problem?
She was to marry?
Many found it difficult to accept her as ruler of Scotland because?
Alexander 3rd’s grand daughter
She died leaving no heir yet again
Edward 2nd’s son
She was female, not Scottish/Norwegian and a baby who could not Lead armies into battle and spread fear
John Balliol
Who?
King of Scotland controlled by Edward Longshanks/1st
A Scottish noble
One of the last few to accept Edward as overlord
