Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IERW AEROMED > The Visual System > Flashcards

The Visual System Flashcards

1
Q

Name the major components of the human eye

A
  • Cornea
  • Iris
  • Pupil
  • Lens
  • Retina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The _________ is the transparent protective tissue located over the front of the eye

A

Cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Iris

A

Round pigmented membrane that adjusts the amount of lights that enters the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The _______ is the opening in the center of the iris. It allowa light to enter the eye.

A

Pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The _______ is a transparent, biconvex membrane that directs light rays entering the pupil upon the retina.

A

Lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Retina

A

Thin multi-layered membrane which covers most of the posterior compartment of the eye, contains the photoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What two types of photoreceptor cells are located in the retina?

A

Cones and Rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are Cones located within the retina

A

Located in Fovea Centralis and parafovea region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the functions/qualities of Cone cells?

A

Respond selectively to colors, sharp detals, allows for daytime vision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are Rods located within the retina

A

Located in peripheral region and parafovea region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the functions/qualities of Rod cells?

A

very sensitive to low light levels, allows for night vision, poor acuity; detects movement, and edges/lines. Not color sensitive, shades of gray/”purple”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the day blind spot and how many degrees does it cover?

A

Located in the optic disk because it contains no receptor cells (also blind at night).

Covers 5.5 to 7.5 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the Night blind spot and how many degrees does it cover?

A

Located in the Fovea Centralis area because it contains no Rods.

Covers 5 to 10 degrees of the field of vision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Astigmatism

A

Unequal curvature or irregularities in the cornea or lens that create multiple focal points in the anterior chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Myopia

A

nearsightedness; far objects are blurry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hyperopia

A

farsightedness; near objects are blurry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Presbyopia

A

“old eyes”; due to hardening of the lens that occurs naturally with age; both near and far objects appear blurry; need bi-focals

18
Q

Types of approved corrective eye surgery

A

PRK, LASIK, and LASEK

19
Q

Types of vision

A

P.M.S. Photopic Mesopic Scotopic

20
Q

Photopic

A

Day vision

21
Q

Mesopic

A

Dusk/dawn; full moon, twilight vision

22
Q

Scotopic

A

Night vision; partial moon or starlight

23
Q

Which type of vision is considered the most dangerous for Aviation

A

Mesopic

24
Q

Cues to distance estimation and depth perception (2 types)

A

Binocular and Monocular

25
Q

Monocular

A

Visual cues from one eye

26
Q

Binocular

A

Visual cues from two eyes

27
Q

Which type of cue is more important in aviation (monocular or binocular)

A

Monocular

28
Q

What is the acronym for the monocular cues for depth perception

A

G.R.A.M.

29
Q

Expand the acronym G.R.A.M

A

Geometric Perspective Retinal image size Aerial perspective Motion Parallax

30
Q

Types of Geometric Perspective L.A.V.

A

Linear Perspective Apparent Foreshortening Vertical position in the field

31
Q

Types of Retinal image size K.I.T.O.

A

Known size of objects Increasing or decreasing size of objects Terrestrial association Overlapping Contours

32
Q

Types of Aerial Perspective F.L.P.

A

Fading of colors and shades Loss of textures and detail Position of light source

33
Q

What is the MOst important of the MOnocular cues

A

MOtion parallax

34
Q

_______ compensates for the night blind spot?

A

Scanning

35
Q

An unequal curvature of the cornea resulting in the inability of the eye to focus on multiple objects simultaneously in the horizontal and vertical planes is called?

A

Astigmatism

36
Q

What is the proper name for nearsightedness?

A

Myopia

37
Q

What is the proper name for farsigthedness?

A

Hyperopia

38
Q

This occurs with the aging process and results in the hardening of the lens?

A

Presbyopia

39
Q

Vitamin A is required for the production of?

A

Rhodopsin

40
Q

The apparent relativ motion of stationary objects as viewed by a moving observer is?

A

Motion Parralax

41
Q

Average time to dark adapt is ____ - _____ minutes for a well rested aviator

A

35 - 40

IERW AEROMED (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions