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Mike Meyers: CompTIA A+ Core 1 (220-1101) > The Visible Computer > Flashcards

The Visible Computer Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the father of the computer?

A

Charles Babbage

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2
Q

What is a computer?

A

An electronic device that can perform calculations.

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3
Q

What are computer programmers?

A

People who have written and compiled special programming languages to assist computers in accomplishing specific tasks.

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4
Q

What are the 3 major components of a computer?

A

Hardware, Operating System, and Applications

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5
Q

What is Hardware?

A

The physical part of the computer that you can touch or hold.

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6
Q

What is the Operating System of a computer?

A

It controls the hardware and enables you to tell the computer what to do. It’s the UI/software that you can interact with.

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7
Q

What is a Graphical User Interface (GUI)?

A

A UI that offers images or icons to select as opposed to just a command line.

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8
Q

What are Applications?

A

Enable you to do specialized tasks on a computer (e.g. type a letter, send a message, or wander the web)

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9
Q

What are the stages of the Computing Process?

A
  1. Input - an action taken by the user
  2. Processing - the act of the OS telling the hardware to do what you have requested.
  3. Output - the result of the computer completing the processing of the input request.
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10
Q

What is a Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

A

A single, thin wafer of silicon and tiny transistors, the CPU is the “brain” of the computer.

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11
Q

What are the two new stages that modern computers add to the computing process?

A

Data Storage - act of saving a permanent copy of your work
Network Connection - act of connecting your device to one or more other devices.

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12
Q

What is Computing Software?

A

Any set of binary instructions that a CPU can read and react to (e.g. OS, Apps, etc).

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13
Q

What are some common functions of an OS?

A
  1. Communicate with PC hardware.
  2. Run on specific hardware (e.g. 32-bit/64-bit CPU)
  3. Creates a User Interface
  4. Enables management of installed programs
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14
Q

What are the four workstation OSs covered on the exam?

A

MacOS, Linux, Windows and Chrome OS

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15
Q

What three smartphone/tablet operations systems are covered on the exam?

A

Android OS, iOS, iPadOS

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16
Q

On Windows 10/11, what are Quick Links?

A

A list of the most used utilities and apps needed to keep the OS running smoothly.

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17
Q

What is the keyboard shortcut to quickly access Quick Links?

A

Win + X

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18
Q

What are Linux Distros?

A

Different distributions (or versions) of Linux created for specific tasks.

19
Q

What are Desktop Environments as they relate to Linux?

A

The various User Interfaces that Linux offers.

20
Q

What are examples of Command Line Interfaces (CLIs) for the various OSs?

A

Windows: PowerShell
macOS: Terminal
Linux: Terminal

21
Q

If I want to see all the files/folders in a specific directory, what command would I use on Windows, macOS and Linux, what would I use?

A

Windows = dir
macOS/Linux = ls

22
Q

On Windows, what is the Root Directory?

A

Where the operating system is installed.

23
Q

On Windows, what is the File Explorer?

A

Enables you to browse and select files and folders stored on all the locations on the device.

24
Q

On Windows, what does File Association refer to?

A

The paring of an application with its file extension.

25
Q

On Windows, what do the File Explorer Options (Folder Options) allow you to do?

A

Enables you to make changes to the default behavior of the File Explorer.

26
Q

On macOS, what is the Finder?

A

The default window for viewing all the folders/files on a Mac.

27
Q

What are Tech Utility Launch Points?

A

Two to three locations where all of the tech-specific utilities live.

28
Q

On Windows, what is Settings starting to take over?

A

The Control Panel, where you could control the various settings of the OS.

29
Q

On Windows, what does the Device Manager let you do?

A

Examine the state and some settings for all hardware, including drivers for said hardware.

30
Q

On Windows, what are the different things you can select called when using Control panel?

A

Applets

31
Q

On macOS, where are most of the settings for your computer controlled?

A

The System Settings application.

32
Q

On macOS, what is included in the Utilities Folder?

A

Gives you access to the tools you need to perform services on a Mac beyond what’s included in System settings.

33
Q

On Linux, what are some examples of places where you can control the settings of a distro?

A

KDE Plasma Desktop: System Settings App
Gnome 3: System Menu

34
Q

What is included in the System Unit?

A
  • Motherboard
  • CPU
  • RAM
  • HDD

Everything else is considered a peripheral.

35
Q

What is the port that used to be used for mouse/keyboard?

A

Mini-DIN (PS/2) Port

36
Q

What does USB stand for?

A

Universal Serial Bus

37
Q

What does HDMI stand for?

A

High-Definition Multimedia Interface. Can transmit signal over longer distances than other interfaces.

38
Q

What does VGA stand for?

A

Video Graphics Array. It’s an analog interface with lower video quality compared to digital interfaces.

39
Q

What does DVI stand for?

A

Digital Video Interface. Does not support audio transmission.

40
Q

What is S-Video?

A

Separates the video signal into two parts: chrominance and luminance. Higher quality than composite video, but lower than HDMI/DVI.

41
Q

What is an Expansion Slot?

A

Sockets on a motherboard that allow for additional hardware devices to be connected.

42
Q

What is a CPU?

A

High speed calculator that programers leverage via special commands to force the hardware to carry out various functions.

43
Q

Explain the basic relationship to Programs and the basic components of a computer.

A

Programs live in Mass Storage until the CPU calls them. The CPU puts a copy of the program into RAM. As we edit the program, it is all stored in RAM. Once we save the file, the CPU then instructs it to be saved onto the Mass Storage solution.

Mike Meyers: CompTIA A+ Core 1 (220-1101) (3 decks)

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