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WSET Level 4 - D1 Wine Production > The Vine & Vine Growth Cycle > Flashcards

The Vine & Vine Growth Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Photosynthesis

A

Process by which green plants use sunlight to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water

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2
Q

What are 4 sections of the structure of a vine

A
  1. One year old wood
  2. Permanent wood
  3. The roots
  4. The shoots
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3
Q

Is Pinot Noir clone 115 low or high yielding?

A

Low yield of small grapes

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4
Q

Is Pinot Noir clone 521 low or high yielding?

A

High yield of bigger grapes

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5
Q

What is it called when 2 parent grapes are from the same species?

A

Cross (Pinotage)

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6
Q

What is it called when the 2 parent grapes are different species?

A

Hybrid (Vidal Blanc)

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7
Q

What 5 things does a vine need?

A
  1. Adequate Water
  2. Sunlight
  3. Warmth (photosynthesis, respiration)
  4. Carbon Dioxide (photosynthesis)
  5. Nutrients
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8
Q

What 5 things does a vine need?

A
  1. Adequate Water
  2. Sunlight
  3. Warmth (photosynthesis, respiration)
  4. Carbon Dioxide (photosynthesis)
  5. Nutrients
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9
Q

When are vines dormant in the Northern and Southern hemisphere?

A

November to March in Northern Hemisphere
May to September in Southern Hemisphere

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10
Q

At what temperature do vines go dormant?

A

10°c and below

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11
Q

At which temperature can a vine be damaged by frost?

A

-20°c

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12
Q

Which temperature will kill most v.vinifera?

A

-25°c

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13
Q

When is budburst typically in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?

A

March to April in Northern Hemisphere
September to October in Southern Hemisphere

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14
Q

At which soil and air temperature will budburst begin?

A

Average temps above 10°c

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15
Q

Why are regions with high continentality good for budburst?

A

The rapidly increasing temperatures in Spring can mean a more even budburst

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16
Q

What does ‘early budding’ mean?

A

Grape variety that starts budburst at lower temp than others

17
Q

What are 2 examples of early budding varieties?

A
  1. Chardonnay
  2. Pinot Noir
18
Q

Name 2 late budding grape varieties

A
  1. Sauvignon Blanc
  2. Syrah
19
Q

When does shoot & leaf growth happen in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?

A

March to July in Northern Hemisphere
September to January in Southern Hemisphere

20
Q

When does flowering & fruit set happen in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere?

A

May to June in Northern Hemisphere
November to December in Southern Hemisphere

21
Q

What is a compound bud?

A

It is a bud that forms in one growing season and breaks open in the next growing season.
They are made up of a primary bud and smaller secondary & buds.

22
Q

What is a prompt bud?

A

A bud that forms on the compound bud and breaks open in the same growing season. They produce lateral shoots

23
Q

What are the 5 components of a grape?

A
  1. Pulp
  2. Skin
  3. Seeds
  4. Bloom
  5. Stem
24
Q

What is a teinturier variety?

A

A grape variety with red coloured pulp

25
Q

What does a grape’s pulp contain?

A

Water, sugars, acids and aromas

26
Q

What is one year old wood?

A

The shoots from previous growing season that were not removed at pruning.
Will be either a cane or a spur depending on pruning.

27
Q

What is permanent wood?

A

Woody parts of the vine that are older than one year old including the trunk.
Some vines have one or more horizontal arms of permanent wood, called cordons

28
Q

When does flowering typically take place?

A

8 weeks after budburst

29
Q

Describe Coloure

A

A condition in which fruit set has failed for a high proportion of flowers.
It occurs when ovule fertilisation is unsuccessful and therefore no grape develops

30
Q

What is the cause of Coloure?

A

Coloure is caused by an imbalance in carbohydrate levels.
It can result from low rates of photosynthesis or vigorous shoot growth

31
Q

Describe Millerandage

A

A condition of the grape bunch where there is a high proportion of seedless grapes

32
Q

When does Grape Development happen in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?

A

June to September in the Northern Hemisphere.
December to March in the Southern Hemisphere

33
Q

Why are sandy soils better for budburst in cooler climates?

A

Dry, free draining spils warm up quicker - so they are better in cooler climates where an earlier start to budburst improves chances of ripening

34
Q

Name two early ripening grapes

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir

35
Q

Name two late ripening grapes

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Grenache

WSET Level 4 - D1 Wine Production (4 decks)

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