The Vessels

Question 1

most important process involving fluid exchanges

Answer 1

bulk flow

Question 2

typical hydrostatic pressures for blood entering - leaving capillaries

Answer 2

37-17 mmHg

Question 3

the branch of the vascular tree with the greatest cross-sectional area

Answer 3

capillaries

Question 4

supplies about 80% of the blood to the brain

Answer 4

internal carotid

Question 5

middle layer of the vessel wall; contains elastin fibers and smooth muscle

Answer 5

tunica media

Question 6

how many liters of fluid are filtered from the tissue capillaries

Answer 6

20 L

Question 7

is the result of inadequate fluid return from interstitial areas back to the cardiovascular system

Answer 7

edema

Question 8

is formed by the confluence of the basilar and internal carotid arteries; it is a ring shaped arterial structure

Answer 8

circle of willis

Question 9

receptors sensitive to changes in blood

Answer 9

baroreceptors

Question 10

flattened, squamous epithelial cells that line the lumen of the entire cardiovascular system

Answer 10

endothilial cells

Question 11

veins which have become tortuous and dilated because of incompetent valves

Answer 11

varicose veins

Question 12

pressure due to the presence of solutes in solution

Answer 12

osmotic pressure

Question 13

the volume of blood ejected from a ventricle during a given cardiac cycle is the

Answer 13

stroke volume

Question 14

represents the time with the atria and ventricles are completely relaxed and filling is taking place in both

Answer 14

TP interval

Question 15

when the ventricles are at rest, ventricular pressures fall to about

Answer 15

2 mm Hg

Question 16

when the ventricles are at rest, aortic pressure falls to about

Answer 16

80 mmHg

Question 17

a term describing chaotic, uncoordinated contractions of the ventricular myocardium

Answer 17

ventricular fibrillation

Question 18

faster than normal HT rate

Answer 18

tachycardia

Question 19

slower than normal HT rate

Answer 19

bradychardia

Question 20

nucleus in the medulla which exerts parasympathetic control over the heart

Answer 20

cardioinhibitory center

Question 21

nucleus in the medulla which exerts sympathetic control over the heart

Answer 21

cardioacceleratory

Question 22

also known as the mitral valve

Answer 22

bicuspid

Question 23

atrioventricular valve that experiences the highest pressures

Answer 23

mitral valve

Question 24

another name for the tricuspid valve

Answer 24

right AV

Question 25

the circumflex artery is a tributary of the

Answer 25

left coronary artery

Question 26

the posterior descending artery is a tributary of the

Answer 26

right coronary artery

Question 27

the sound associated with the closure of the AV valves at the onset of systole

Answer 27

lub

Question 28

the intrinsic depolarization rate o the SA node is about

Answer 28

100 beats per minute

Question 29

another name for the dub sound

Answer 29

S2

Question 30

sound associated with the closure of the pulmonary and aortic valves at the onset of diastole

Answer 30

dub

Question 31

the two major circuits of the circulatory system

Answer 31

systemic and pulmonary

Question 32

conducting system fibers leading away from the AV node

Answer 32

bundle of His

Question 33

refers to the period of ventricular contraction

Answer 33

systole

Question 34

refers to the period of ventricular relaxation

Answer 34

diastole