The Vertebral Column and Back Flashcards
Increase in weight of abdominal contents, e.g. during pregnancy, produces this curvature in the lumbar vertebrae
Lordosis
Secondary curvature of the vertebral column
Cervical and lumbar
Lateral deviation of the vertebral column
Scoliosis
The dens is located in which vertebra?
Axis
Vertebrae that have bifid spinous process
C3 to C6
The foramen transversarium of these vertebrae contain the vertebral arteries
C1 to C6
Inferiorly, the articular processes of typical cervical vertebrae are oriented:
Anteriorly
The vertebral artery is a brach of the _ part of the _
First part of the subclavian artery
The tubercles of ribs are connected to the costal facets on the
Transverse processes of T1 to T10
Shape of the vertebral foramina in lumbar vertebrae
Triangular
The sigmoid colon ends at what vertebral level?
S3
In a normal adult, the spinal cord ends at the level of
L1-L2
The umbilicus is at this vertebral level
L3
The tapered end of the spinal cord is also called the
Conus medullaris
The subarachnoid space ends at what level?
S2-S3
This term refers to the collection of posterior and anterior roots occupying the lumbar cisterns
Cauda equina
At 6 months’ age of gestation, the spinal cord ends at the:
S1
The fasciculus cuneatus ends at
T6
This ascending tract is responsible for position sense and stereognosis
Dorsal / Posterior column
The lateral spinothalamic tract transmits these types of sensation
Pain and temperature
Touch and pressure is relayed in the spinal cord via
Anterior spinothalamic tract
The corticospinal tract decussates at
Medulla
Type of paralysis in lower motor neuron lesions
Flaccid
Spinal shock is tested by this reflex
Anal sphincter reflex
Spinal cord syndrome commonly seen in syringomyelia
Central cord syndrome
In central cord syndrome, the patter of pain and temperature sensation loss is described as
Cape-like
In poliomyelitis, there is loss of function of these cells
Anterior horn cells
Lou Gehrig’s disease is a pure motor disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons. This disease is also known as:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
In subacute combined degeneration due to cobalamin deficiency, these parts of the spinal cord are affected
Posterior and lateral columns
In anterior cord syndrome, these modalities of sensation are typically intact.
Position sense
Stereognosis
A patient with Brown-Sequard syndrome manifests symptoms on the ipsilateral side of the lesion except in these types of sensation
Pain and temperature
A patient who sways and falls when the eyes are open probably has a lesion in the
Cerebellum
In the brainstem, the fasciculi cuneatus and gracilis form the
Lemniscal pathway
The spinothalamic tract decussates at
1-2 segments above
Most common site of herniation in the cervical vertebrae
C5-C6
Herniation of the C4-C5 intervertebral disc results in compression of this nerve root
C5 nerve root
Spinal root that mediates the patellar tendon reflex
L4
The path of least resistance in the annulus fibrosus is in this part.
Posterolateral
Between the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligament, which one is wider and stronger?
Anterior longitundinal ligament
The most severe type of spina bifida
Spina bifida with myeloschisis
Enumerate the three deep muscles of the back from the most superficial to the deepest
Erector spinae
Transversospinalis
Interspinalis
Boundaries of the triangle of auscultation
Latissimus dorsi
Trapezius
Medial border of scapula
The lumbar triangle of Petit, a potential site for lumbar hernia, is bounded by:
External oblique
Latissimus dorsi
Iliac crest
