The uses of antibiotics Flashcards by Lara Rydlewicz

What are the main uses of benzylpenicillin

soft tissue
Pneumococcal
Meningococcal
gonorrhoea
Syphilis infection

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What do benzyl penacillins act agains?

Streptococci
Neisseria
Spirochetes

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What are the main uses of amoxicillin?

- RTI

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What does amxacillin act against?

Broad spectrum, but resistnce common

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What is the main use of flucoxacillin?

S. aureus

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What is the main use of co-amoxiclav?

UTI
RTI
Soft tissue infections
Surgical wound infections

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What does co-amoxiclav act against?

broad spectrum, including anaerobes

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What is the main use ofpiperacillin/ tazobactam?

Neutropenic sepsis

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What does piperacillin/ tazobactam act against?

Broad spectrum, including pseudomonas, anaerobes

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What is the main use of cefradine (1st gen)?

UTI
Soft tissue
Infection

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What does cefradine (1st gen) work against?

Broad spectum

- resistance +

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What is the main use of cefuroxime (2nd gen)?

UTI
RTI
Surgical prohylaxis

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What does cefuroxime (2nd gen) work against?

Broad spectrum

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What is the main use of ceftriaxone/ cefotaxime (3rd gen)?

Hospital infections e.g. bacteraemia
pneumonia
Abdo. sepsis

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What does ceftriaxone/ cefotaxime (3rd gen) work against?

Broad spectrum especially good against gram negative bacilli

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What is the main use of ceftazidime (3rd gen)?

Pseudomonal infections in hospital and in cycstic fibrosis

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What does ceftazidime (3rd gen) work against?

Life ceftriaxone but also active against pseudonomas

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What is the main use of ceftaroline/ ceftobipirole (4th gen)?

Liscensed skin and soft tissue infection

- Endocarditis resistant to other treatment

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What are the main uses of gentamicin?

Serous gram negative infections e.g. bacteraemia, endocarditis, neutropaenic sepsis

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What does gentamicin act against?

Gram-negative bacilli

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What are the main uses of clarithromycin?

Resp infection
Sodt tissue infection (if penicillin allergic)
STD

What does clarythromycin act aginst?

Streptococci
Staphylococci
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia
Legionella

What are the main uses of erythromycin?

Resp infection
Sodt tissue infection (if penicillin allergic)
STD

What does erythromycin act aginst?

Streptococci
Staphylococci
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia
Legionella

What are the main uses of azithromycin?

Chlamydia

What does azithromycin act aginst?

Better for gram negative e.g. haemophilus, chlamydia

What are the main uses of ciprofloxacin?

- Complicated UTI - Complicated hospital aquired pneumonia - Some GI infections

What does ciprofloxacin act aginst?

Gram-negative bacilli, including psuedomonas, some activity against staphylococci and streptococci

What are the main uses of levofloxacin/ moxifloxacin?

2nd or 3rd line agent for pneumonia

What does levofloxacin/ moxifloxacin act aginst?

- Enhanced activity against staphylococci/ streptococci, less against psuedonomas - Active against pneumococcus, mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella

What are the main uses of vancomycin?

- MRSA - Oatients allerfic to pennicillin - C. dif.

What does vancomycin act aginst?

gram-positive bacteria only (staph and strep)

What are the main uses of trimethoprim?

- UTI - Resp infection - MRSA

What does trimethoprim act aginst?

- Some gram negative bacilli | - Some activity against staph. and strep.

What are the main uses of co-trimoxazole?

- Respiratory infection | - PCP

What does co-trimoxazole act aginst?

- Broad spectrum | - Pneumocystis jiroveci

What are the main uses of clindamycin?

- soft tissue infection | - Gangrene

What does clindamycin act aginst?

- Streptococci - Staphylococci - Anaerobes

What are the main uses of teracycline/ doxacycline?

- Q fever - Brucellosis - Chlamydia - Atypical pneumonia - MRSA

What does teracycline/ doxacycline act aginst?

- Strep. - Staph. - Chlamydia - Rickettsiae - Brucella

What are the main uses of rifampicin?

- TB - MRSA - Meningococcal prophylaxis - Complicated staph. infections

What does rifampicin act aginst?

- Mycobacteria - Meningococcus - Staph.

What are the main uses of meropenem?

2nd or 3rd line for hospial infections

What does meropenem act aginst?

broad spectrum including anaerobes, pseudomonas

What does metronidazole act against?

- Anaerobes | - Protasoa e.g. giardia

What are the main uses of linezolid?

2nd line agent for MSSA, MRSA, VRE

What are the main uses of metronidazole?

- Surgical infections - Giardiasis - Amoebiasis - Trichomonal infections

What does linezolid act against?

gram positive bacteria only (staph., strep, enterococci)

What does daptomycin act against?

gram positive bacteria only (staph., strep, enterococci)

What are the main uses of daptomycin?

2nd line agent for MSSA, MRSA, VRE

What does tigecycine act against?

Very broad spectrum including: MRSA, ESBL, anaerobes

What are the main uses of tigecycline?

- 3rd line intra-abdominal sepsis | - Sodt tissue infection