The uses of antibiotics Flashcards
What are the main uses of benzylpenicillin
- soft tissue
- Pneumococcal
- Meningococcal
- gonorrhoea
- Syphilis infection
What do benzyl penacillins act agains?
- Streptococci
- Neisseria
- Spirochetes
What are the main uses of amoxicillin?
- UTI
- RTI
What does amxacillin act against?
Broad spectrum, but resistnce common
What is the main use of flucoxacillin?
S. aureus
What is the main use of co-amoxiclav?
- UTI
- RTI
- Soft tissue infections
- Surgical wound infections
What does co-amoxiclav act against?
broad spectrum, including anaerobes
What is the main use ofpiperacillin/ tazobactam?
Neutropenic sepsis
What does piperacillin/ tazobactam act against?
Broad spectrum, including pseudomonas, anaerobes
What is the main use of cefradine (1st gen)?
- UTI
- Soft tissue
- Infection
What does cefradine (1st gen) work against?
- Broad spectum
- resistance +
What is the main use of cefuroxime (2nd gen)?
- UTI
- RTI
- Surgical prohylaxis
What does cefuroxime (2nd gen) work against?
Broad spectrum
What is the main use of ceftriaxone/ cefotaxime (3rd gen)?
- Hospital infections e.g. bacteraemia
- pneumonia
- Abdo. sepsis
What does ceftriaxone/ cefotaxime (3rd gen) work against?
Broad spectrum especially good against gram negative bacilli
What is the main use of ceftazidime (3rd gen)?
Pseudomonal infections in hospital and in cycstic fibrosis
What does ceftazidime (3rd gen) work against?
Life ceftriaxone but also active against pseudonomas
What is the main use of ceftaroline/ ceftobipirole (4th gen)?
- Liscensed skin and soft tissue infection
- Endocarditis resistant to other treatment
What are the main uses of gentamicin?
Serous gram negative infections e.g. bacteraemia, endocarditis, neutropaenic sepsis
What does gentamicin act against?
Gram-negative bacilli
What are the main uses of clarithromycin?
- Resp infection
- Sodt tissue infection (if penicillin allergic)
- STD
What does clarythromycin act aginst?
- Streptococci
- Staphylococci
- Mycoplasma
- Chlamydia
- Legionella
What are the main uses of erythromycin?
- Resp infection
- Sodt tissue infection (if penicillin allergic)
- STD
What does erythromycin act aginst?
- Streptococci
- Staphylococci
- Mycoplasma
- Chlamydia
- Legionella
What are the main uses of azithromycin?
Chlamydia
What does azithromycin act aginst?
Better for gram negative e.g. haemophilus, chlamydia
What are the main uses of ciprofloxacin?
- Complicated UTI
- Complicated hospital aquired pneumonia
- Some GI infections
What does ciprofloxacin act aginst?
Gram-negative bacilli, including psuedomonas, some activity against staphylococci and streptococci
What are the main uses of levofloxacin/ moxifloxacin?
2nd or 3rd line agent for pneumonia
What does levofloxacin/ moxifloxacin act aginst?
- Enhanced activity against staphylococci/ streptococci, less against psuedonomas
- Active against pneumococcus, mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella
What are the main uses of vancomycin?
- MRSA
- Oatients allerfic to pennicillin
- C. dif.
What does vancomycin act aginst?
gram-positive bacteria only (staph and strep)
What are the main uses of trimethoprim?
- UTI
- Resp infection
- MRSA
What does trimethoprim act aginst?
- Some gram negative bacilli
- Some activity against staph. and strep.
What are the main uses of co-trimoxazole?
- Respiratory infection
- PCP
What does co-trimoxazole act aginst?
- Broad spectrum
- Pneumocystis jiroveci
What are the main uses of clindamycin?
- soft tissue infection
- Gangrene
What does clindamycin act aginst?
- Streptococci
- Staphylococci
- Anaerobes
What are the main uses of teracycline/ doxacycline?
- Q fever
- Brucellosis
- Chlamydia
- Atypical pneumonia
- MRSA
What does teracycline/ doxacycline act aginst?
- Strep.
- Staph.
- Chlamydia
- Rickettsiae
- Brucella
What are the main uses of rifampicin?
- TB
- MRSA
- Meningococcal prophylaxis
- Complicated staph. infections
What does rifampicin act aginst?
- Mycobacteria
- Meningococcus
- Staph.
What are the main uses of meropenem?
2nd or 3rd line for hospial infections
What does meropenem act aginst?
broad spectrum including anaerobes, pseudomonas
What does metronidazole act against?
- Anaerobes
- Protasoa e.g. giardia
What are the main uses of linezolid?
2nd line agent for MSSA, MRSA, VRE
What are the main uses of metronidazole?
- Surgical infections
- Giardiasis
- Amoebiasis
- Trichomonal infections
What does linezolid act against?
gram positive bacteria only (staph., strep, enterococci)
What does daptomycin act against?
gram positive bacteria only (staph., strep, enterococci)
What are the main uses of daptomycin?
2nd line agent for MSSA, MRSA, VRE
What does tigecycine act against?
Very broad spectrum including: MRSA, ESBL, anaerobes
What are the main uses of tigecycline?
- 3rd line intra-abdominal sepsis
- Sodt tissue infection
