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EARTH & LIFE SCIENCE > The Universe and The Solar System > Flashcards

The Universe and The Solar System Flashcards

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1
Q

One of the books of the Hebrew Bible and Christian Old Testament

A

Genesis

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2
Q

The current accepted model on the formation of the universe; describes the universe as expanding, having originated from an infinitely tiny dense point

A

Big Bang Theory

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3
Q

What are the three hypotheses on the formation of the Solar System?

A

Encounter Hypothesis, Nebular Hypothesis, and Protoplanet Hypothesis

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4
Q

What Latin word did “Universe” originate from?

A

Universus

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5
Q

Discovered the Cosmis Microwave Background Radiation

A

Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson in 1965

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6
Q

What comes into your mind when you hear the word universe?

A

star systems, galaxies, gas, and dusts; including matter and energy

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7
Q

The present working model on the formation of the Solar System; the Solar System began with a fragment from an interstellar cloud composed mainly of gasses

A

Protoplanet Hypothesis

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8
Q

States that about 5 billion years ago, a rogue star passed close to the sun and stripped materials from both the sun and the rogue star

A

Encounter Hypothesis

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9
Q

The form that the overall composition of the universe transitioned from light elements to solid particles

A

Nebula

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10
Q

Observed the galactic red shifts in 1929

A

Edwin Hubble

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11
Q

Albert Einstein’s favored model; follows the genral theory of relativity equations of the universe with positive curvature

A

The Theory of Oscillating Universe

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12
Q

Pure energy compressed in a single point

A

Singularity

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13
Q

To whom was the fundamental statement of the Big Bang Theory attributed to?

A

Belgian Catholic priest Georges Lemaitre in 1927

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14
Q

What is the study of the universe?

A

Cosmology

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15
Q

Proposed the Steady State Theory

A

Fred Hoyle, Thomas Gold, and Hermann Bondi

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16
Q

What award did Penzias and WIlson earn?

A

Nobel Physics Prize in 1978

17
Q

What is the age of the Solar System and the planet Earth based on?

A

Age of meteorites

18
Q

Creator of The Theory of Oscillating Universe

A

Albert Einstein

19
Q

When did the Big Bang Theory’s universe come to exist?

A

14 billion years ago

20
Q

Those who stated the Nebular Hypothesis

A

Emanuel Swedenburg, Immanuel Kant, Pierre-Simon Laplace

21
Q

A phenomenon where electromagnetic radiation from an object undergoes an increase in wavelength

A

Redshift

22
Q

What are the four theories of how the universe originated?

A

The Theory of Creation, The Theory of Oscillating Universe, Steady State Theory, and Big Bang Theory

23
Q

What is the age of the Solar System and the planet Earth?

A

4.54 billion years old

24
Q

Describes how God separated light from darkness, created the sky, land, sea, moon, stars, and every living creature in a span of six days

A

The Theory of Creation

25
Q

Predicts a universe that expanded but did not change its density

A

Steady State Theory

26
Q

States that the entire solar system started as a large cloud of gas that contracted due to self-gravity

A

Nebular Hypothesis

27
Q

What did the Nebula later form?

A

Star systems and Planets known today

28
Q

When did the galaxies begin to form after the universe?

A

After one billion years

29
Q

What did the solar nebular eventually form?

A

The Sun

30
Q

What does Universus mean?

A

combined into one

31
Q

When did the universe begin with the big bang?

A

13.8 billion years ago

32
Q

What was the Encounter Hypothesis able and unable to explain?

A

Able to explain why inner planets are denser than the outer ones, unable to explain how lumps of hot gases contract to form planets

33
Q

What are the Outer Planets?

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus. Neptune

34
Q

When did stars and galaxies begin to form?

A

After 100 million years

35
Q

What are the Inner Planets?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

EARTH & LIFE SCIENCE (5 decks)

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