The Universe

Question 1

What is the Big Bang?

Answer 1

Since all matter and energy was very small, this major explosion, (the Big Bang) caused matter to regroup.

Question 2

After matter regrouped, what started forming? (Name 2 things)

Answer 2

1-Planets

2-Galaxies

Question 3

What are galaxies made up of? (Name 3 things)

Answer 3

1-Stars
2-Planets
3-Moons

Question 4

What is our galaxy?

Answer 4

The milky way.

Question 5

What is our closest star?

Answer 5

The sun.

Question 6

Can we see all the stars in our galaxy?

Answer 6

No, we can only see a small fraction of the stars with the naked eye.

Question 7

How do meteoroids ignite?

Answer 7

It ignites in the searing friction of the upper atmosphere which causes most of them to destroy.

Question 8

What measurements of units do we use for our solar system?

Answer 8

Astronomical units.

Question 9

What measurements do we use to measure things beyond our solar system?

Answer 9

Light-years.

Question 10

What’s the habitable zone?

Answer 10

The distance planets need to orbit around a sun.

Question 11

The sun produces enough energy to do what?

Answer 11

To allow life to develop on Earth.

Question 12

What protects us from solar radiation?

Answer 12

The Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 13

What’s a fossil?

Answer 13

A preserved imprint or remain of a plant or animal that existed in a past geological age.

Question 14

What is petrified wood?

Answer 14

It’s a type of fossil where all the organic materials have been replaced with minerals.

Question 15

Why would soft tissues not often show up in a fossil?

Answer 15

Because bacteria would eat them up, which would cause it to decay.

Question 16

Name 2 reasons why its difficult to piece fossils together.

Answer 16

1-Scavengers

2-Weather

Question 17

What 2 things do palaeontologists analyze?

Answer 17

1-Layers

2-Strata

Question 18

Where are newer/younger layers found?

Answer 18

On top of old layers.

Question 19

How many era’s are there of geological time?

Answer 19

4 era’s.

Question 20

Name 2 things that make a new era.

Answer 20

1-Mass extinction

2-Population explosion

Question 21

Put the 4 era’s in order from the oldest to the latest/current one.

Answer 21

4-Precambrian
3-Paleozoic
2-Mesozoic
1-Cenozoic

Question 22

Precambrian Era: Name the 4 important things that happened.

Answer 22

1-Formation of Earth
2-1st prokaryotic cells
3-1st Eukaryotic (nucleus)
4-1st multi-cellular

Question 23

Paleozoic Era: Name the 4 important things that happened.

Answer 23

1-1st sponges and mollusks
2-1st plants
3-Fish
4-Land plants & Land animals

Question 24

Mesozoic Era: Name the 2 important things that happened.

Answer 24

1-Dinosaurs appeared

2-1st flowering plants

Question 25

Cenozoic Era: Name the 4 important things that happened.

Answer 25

1-1st insects, birds, fishes
2-Amphibians
3-Mammals—> Humans
4-Evolution

Question 26

What causes a mass extinction?

Answer 26

Massive climate changes, (too hot or too cold).

Question 27

What happens after a mass extinction?

Answer 27

A population explosion.

Question 28

What was needed to be added to the environment to allow life to begin to form?

Answer 28

Water.

Question 29

What type of organism first started to evolve to live partly out of water, on dry land?

Answer 29

Amphibians.

Question 30

What is the hypothesis formed to explain the extinction of dinosaurs?

Answer 30

A big asteroid hit the Earth which caused a lot of cloudiness, (for a very long time) and it became very cold, thus making it impossible for them to survive.