The Tripartite Struggle

Question 1

What is Tripartite Struggle ?

Answer 1

The Tripartite Struggle was a constant struggle for the dominace of north India (particularly Kannauj) between three powers of 8-10th century. They were namely, Pala, Gurjara-Pratihara and Rashtrakutas.

Question 2

Center of power since the time of Harsha?

Answer 2

Capital of Pushyabhutis (Harshvardhana) was originally Thaneshwar but Harshvardhana shifted it to ** KANNAUJ **

Question 3

Who founded the The Pala empire and when was it founded.
process of the first pala ruler for ascending the throne.

Answer 3

Gopala, 750AD, Was elected to end the anarchy.

Question 4

Achivements of Gopala

Answer 4

Unified Gaud
Brought Magadh under his control
Ended the prevaling anarchy

Question 5

Who succeded Gopala, His fights and who defeated him and where.

Answer 5

Dharamapala(770-810) succeded Gopala, during his reign Prathihara ruler Vatsaraja advanced upon Gaud, but the Rashtrakuta ruler Dhruva 1 attacked and defeted Vatsaraja. Dharmapala now had control of Kannauj and held darabar. but, pratihara power revived under Nagabhatta 2, he defeated Dharmapala near Mongyr.

Question 6

Who succeded DharmaPala and his policy

Answer 6

Devapala succeded Dharmapala, he turned his attention towards the N-E and occupied Pragjyotishpur.

Question 7

Chronology and time period of Pala Rulers

Answer 7

Gopala(750-770), Dharmapala(770-810), Devapala(810-850)

Question 8

Name of the traveller who came to the Pala Court, his origin, when did he visit and what does he tells about the Palas (5points).

Answer 8

Sulaiman, Arab Merchant, 9th century
1] Calls Pala kingdom “Ruhma”
2] Tells that the Palas were at war with their neighbours
3] Tells that Pala troups were enourmous
4] tells that it was customary for the king to be accounpanied by 50,000 elephants.
5] 10000-15000 people were employed in the army for washing the cloths.

Question 9

Achivemets of Dharmapala in relation with the Universities

Answer 9

Revived Nalanda University(5th cen) by Kumargupta, set 200 villages for its expences.
Established Vikramshila University.
Taxila University is in present-day Pakistan.

Question 10

Which religion did the Palas supported, Noted Buddhist scholars of Pala court.

Answer 10

Buddhism but extended their patronage to Vaishnavism and Shaivasim. Santarakshita and Dipankara.

Question 11

First Pratihara Ruler and his achivement (1)

Answer 11

Nagabhatta 1
Offered sucessful resistence to tthe arabs.

Question 12

First capital of the pratiharas.

Answer 12

Bhinmal (Rajasthan)

Question 13

Chronology and time period of the Gurjara-Pratihara ruler from Nagabhatta 1 to Mihir Bhoja.

Answer 13

Nagabhatta 1 (730-760)
Vatsaraja (780-800)
Nagabhatta 2 (800-833)
Mihir Bhoja (836- 885)

Question 14

Greatest ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty a brief about him.

Answer 14

Mihir Bhoja, by about 836 he had recoverd kannauj.
Bhoja tried to extend his sway towards the east, but was defeated by the Pala ruler Devpala. then, he turned his attention towards the central India, this led to his revival of rivalry with the Rashtrakutas. He was able to retain his control over some parts of Malwa and Gujrat but, could progress no further.

Question 15

Tittle adopted by Mihir Bhoja
follower of
succeded by

Answer 15

Adivaraha
Vishnu(Vaishnavism)
Mahendrapala

Question 16

Traveller who visited the court of the Gurjara-Pratiharas
time period
origin
what did he called the G-P kingdom.
What does he tells about the army
In which Country, the city of Baghdad is located ?

Answer 16

AL-Masudi
915-16
Baghdad
Al-Juzr
Army
1] king had 4 divisions each consisting of 7-9 lakh man
2] had best cavalry
3] Imported horses from Arabia
Iraq.

Question 17

Famous poet who lived in the court of the G-P

Answer 17

Rajashekar

G-P-R
Gujar-Pratihara-Rashtrakutas

Question 18

Which part of India was under the Rashtrakutas
Who founded the kingdom
Their capital
Engaged with the Prathiharas for which territory

Answer 18

Deccan
Dantidurga
Manyakhet (Karantaka) Manyasurve ka Khet which is MANYAKHET
Malwa and Gujrat

Question 19

Rashtrakutas were at constant conflict with?

Answer 19

Chalukyas of Vengi(A.P)
Pallavas of Kanchi
Pandya of Madurai

Question 20

Rashtrakuta greatest ruler and their achivement?

Answer 20

Govinda 3 and Amogavarsha
Govinda 3, defeated the prathihara king Nagabhatta 2 and annexed Malwa then turned towards the south. In an inscription we are told that he terrified Chola, Pandya and Pallava kings.
Amogavarsha - preferred the pursuit of religion and literature. An author and creadited with the writing of the first Kannada book on poetics “Kavirajamarga”., said to have built the capital city of Manyakhet.

Question 21

Indra 3 and his achivements.

Answer 21

defeated pratihara king Mahipala 1 and sacked Kannauj in 915CE

Question 22

Which traveller visited the Rashtrakuta kingdom

Answer 22

Al-Masudi

Question 23

Krishna 3 and his achivement

Answer 23

defeated the chola king Purantaka 1 and annexed northern part of the Chola Empire.

Question 24

Rashtrakutas religious policy.

Answer 24

Rashtrakutas followed an tolerant religious policy, patronised Saivisim, Vaishnavism and also jainsim. allowed muslims to settle and even preach. mosques were constructed in many parts of the towns.

Question 25

temple built by rashtrakuta ruler krishna 1

Answer 25

Rock-cut temple of Siva at Ellora in the 9th century.

Question 26

chronology of the Rashtrakuta ruler and thier time period

Answer 26

DaNTIDURGA(733-756) [Desh Ke Dushmano Gobar Aadmi Inhe Khao]
kRISHNA(756-774)
Dhruva(780-793)
Govinda 3 (793-814)
Amogavarsha (814-878)
Indra 3 (914-929)
Krishna 3 (939-967)

Question 27

Condition of Art in the Rashtrakuta Court.

Answer 27

In the Rashtrakuta court, Sanskrit, prakrit and even Apabhramsha peot were present. The great Apabhramsha poet Svayambhu lived in the Rashtrakuta court.