The Gaznavids

Question 1

The time period of first three important rulers of the Gaznavid empire.

Answer 1

Alp-Tagin (962 - 963)
Sabuk-Tagin (977 - 977)
Mahmood of Ghazni (978 - 1030)

They were of Turkic-Mamluk origin.

Question 2

Brief about Alp-Tagin

Answer 2

Alp-Tagin who founded the Gaznavid empire was originally governor of Balkh(in Afganistan) under Sasanid Empire.
In, 962 he become independed and tookover the Gazna and founed the Gaznavid empire.

Question 3

Sabuk-Tagin and Jayapala

Answer 3

Jayapala was the Hindu-Shahi ruler, he made an alliance with the displaced governor of Ghazni, and other neighbouring rulers. He invaded Ghazni, but was defeated by Sabuk-Tagin in 977 AD, as an consequence the provinces of Kabul and Jalabad were annexed into the Gaznavid Empire.

Question 4

Mahmood and Jayapala

Answer 4

In 1001 AD, Mahmod attacked the Hindu Shahi empire with the aim of annexing territories, Hence, the Battle of Peshawar was fought between Mahmod and Jayapala in which Jaypala was defeated and imprisioned.

Question 5

Mahmood and Anandpala

Answer 5

In, 1009 AD Mahmod requested Anandpala to let him safe passage to his troops via his territory to reach Daud, the ruler of Multan. Anandpala declined this request. Hence, the Battle of Waihind was fought in which Mahmood attacked and defeated Hindu-Shahi’s. In this battle Anandpala was supported by the rulers of Rajasthan and Kannauj, Anandpala escaped to Kashmir.

Question 6

Persian poet and name of his book which he wrote in Ghazni’s court.
And renowned scholar in his court.

Answer 6

Firdausi’s Shah-Nama (book of kings)
Al Biruni was renowned philosopher, mathematician, historian and one of the jewels in the court of Mahmood. He wrote KITAB UL HIND

Question 7

Mahmood’s raid in India

Answer 7

1018 - Plundered the holy city of Mathura and devastated Kannauj.
1025 - Plundered Somnath temple.

He did not make any systematic effort to conquer India, rather he aimed at plundering.

Question 8

Consequences of Ghazni’s invasion of India.

Answer 8

1] It exposed India’s military weakness and particularly of the Rajputs.
2] India’s economic wealth was plundered and India was left economically weak.
3] Gave severe blow to the India’s art and architerture.
4] Paved way for muslim conquest of India.

Question 9

Mahmood Of Ghazni’s time period

Answer 9

998 - took-over the empire
1001 - Battle of Peshawar
1009 - Battle of Waihind
1018 - Plundering of Mathura
1025 - Somnath