the tonsils Flashcards
about Mucosa associated lymphoid
tissue( MALT)
1. Present in …………
2. …………. lymphoid nodules
3. Examples of MALT:
- ……………
-………….
1.mucosa of GIT, respiratory, urinary & genital tracts.
2. Non encapsulated
3.
- Gut associated lymphatic tissue (GALT)
- Bronchus associated lymphatic tissue(BALT)
- Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue is located in …………
- M cells are also present among …….
- the wall of the bronchi
- pseudostratified columnar epithelium over these lymphoid nodules
(GALT)
1. Along the length of the GIT :
a. ………
b. ………
a. Solitary
b. Aggregated
about Solitary non-encapsulated
lymphatic nodules
1. ……….& non encapsulated
2. They are …. or ………..
3. No ………..vessels but Have Efferent lymphatic vessels
4. Have High endothelial post capillary venules
5. LM:………….
- transient, solitary
- primary / secondary
- Afferent lymphatic
- a. Stroma: reticular cells, dendritic cells,& reticular fibers
b. Parenchyma: B & T lymphocytes, plasma cells, & macrophages
about Aggregated lymphatic tissue
1. Permanent masses of ……..
2. They are primary or secondary
3. Have High endothelial post capillary venules
4. Present in …………
- multiple lymphoid nodules, non encapsulated
- mucosa of digestive system,
in Peyer’s patches,
appendix
tonsils
Tonsils
1. Aggregates of ………..
partially …………..
2. Beneath the epithelium of the …….
3. Types:
- ………….
-………..
-………….
- lymphoid tissue / encapsulated.
- initial portion of GIT
- Palatine (2) on either sides of the
pharynx.
-Pharyngeal (1) in the roof of the
pharynx.
-Lingual (numerous) at the base of
the tongue
- Palatine (2) on either sides of the
about Palatine Tonsils:
1. ……..masses in ……….
2. Consist of:
-…………
-…………..
-…………
- Two oval / lateral wall of the oropharynx
- Epithelium covering: Stratified Sq. epithelium (non-keratinized) which dips into the underlying connective tissue forming 1ry & 2ry crypts
- Lymphoid tissue: (1ry &2ry nodules and diffuse)
- Capsule: Dense CT separates the tonsils from the pharyngeal wall
*Glands are present outside the capsule
Pharyngeal Tonsil :
1. Single in the back (median
wall) of the ……….
2. Consists of:
-……………..
-……………..
- nasopharynx
2.
1) Epithelium covering:
Pseudostratified Columnar ciliated with goblet cells (shallow longitudinal folds No crypts)
2) Lymphatic tissue:
is more diffuse
what’s Adenoid?
- Adenoid is the hypertrophy of the
pharyngeal tonsil. - It is a mass of enlarged lymphatic tissue between the back of the nose and the throat, It often hinders speaking and
breathing in young children.
Lingual tonsils
1.They are ……….
2.At the root of the ……..
3. Formed of …………..
4. Covered by ……….
5. Each tonsil has a …………
- small and numerous
- tongue
- lymphoid nodules (1ry & 2ry) with diffuse lymphatic tissue
- stratified squamous non keratinized
- single crypt
illustrate Functions of the tonsils
- They are present in the path of the air and ingested antigens.
- So they represent the first line of immunological defense against any infectious micro-organisms or antigens
- These antigens activate B lymphocytes, plasma cells, Antibodies.
- Tonsils have on their surfaces M cells
Type of epithelium covering
palatine tonsil is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
- Pseudostratified squamous
- Transitional
- Stratified squamous non-keratinized
- Stratified squamous keratinized
- Simple squamous
M-cells (membrane-like epithelial
cells)
1. Lymphoid follicles are present in the ……………..
2. Some of the regular epithelial lining of the ileum, above the lymphoid follicles, are replaced by …………..
3. Also called ……………..
- mucosa of GIT e.g. Peyer’s patches in ileum
- M cells
- follicle associated epithelial cells “FAE”
about the structure of M cells
1. ………shaped cells with basal cavity
2. Cavity is related to the ……….
3. Have thin ………
4. Attached to the neighboring columnar cells by…………
5. E/M:………………..
- Dome
- intraepithelial lymphocytes and macrophages
- cytoplasm
- junctional complex
- few lysosomes (not sufficient for phagocytosis) and surface membrane
have microfolds
