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histology > hemopoiesis and histological structure of bone marrow > Flashcards

hemopoiesis and histological structure of bone marrow Flashcards

1
Q

all mature blood cells have a limited ……..they are continuously replaced with …….

A

life span
the progeny of stem cells produced in the hemopoietic organs by process called hemopoiesis ( hematopoiesis )

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2
Q

illustrate stages of hemopoiesis

A
  1. prenatal hemopoiesis
    - mesoblastic ( yolk sac ) phase : begin in the 3rd week of gestation
    - hepatosplenic phase : during the second trimester
    - myeloid phase ( bone marrow) : begin in the3rd trimester
  2. postnatal hemopoiesis: only in red bone marrow and lymphatic organs to which precursor cells migrate
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3
Q

histological structure of bone marrow

A
  1. CT stroma ( reticular cell and fiber, collagen type 1 , MQ, fat cell )
  2. blood sinusoid
  3. hematopoietic cords( developing blood cell in different stages )
    also contain mesenchymal stem cell
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4
Q

BM can be examined by ………

A

stained section or smear

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5
Q

illustrate types of BM

A
  1. red active type :
    -red in color ( high content of Hb )
    -in fetus present in most of the marrow
    in adults in epiphyses of long bones , diploes of flat bones and vertebrae
    - function : production of blood cell
    destruction of old RBCs( liver,spleen more)
    storage of iron in MQ( liver, spleen more )
  2. yellow inactive type :
    - yellow in color ( high content of fat cell )
    - most of marrow in adults and is present in diaphysis of long bones .
    -function : storage of fats
    in time of need as in hemorrhage or hypoxia it can change into active red type
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6
Q

produce all types of blood cells….

A

pluripotential hemopoietic stem cells

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7
Q

produce RBCS , granulocytes monocytes and megakaryocytes

A

multipotential myloid stem cells

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8
Q

produce lymphocytes

A

multipotential lymphoid stem cells

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9
Q

chc of multipotential lymphoid stem cells

A
  • not morphologically distinguishable
  • have general aspect of lymphocytes
  • low mitotic activity
  • self renewal
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10
Q

name and chc of progenitor cells

A
  • name : colony forming cell or unite CFCs , CFUs
  • chc :
    not morphologically distinguishable- have general aspect of lymphocytes
    high mitotic activity
    less self renewal capacity
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11
Q

chc of precursor cell

A
  • begin morphological differentiation
  • high mitotic activity
  • no self renewal
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12
Q

chc of mature cells

A
  • no mitotic activity
  • clear morphologic differentiation
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13
Q

list 4 types of progenitor cell

A
  1. CFU- erythrocytes
  2. CFU-megakaryocytes
  3. CFU- granulocytes - moncytes
  4. CFU- lymphocytes
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14
Q

illustrate the development process or RBCs

A
  1. stem cell ( PHSCs , multipotential myeloid stem cell )
  2. progenitor cells ( colony forming unite erythrocytes )
  3. precursor cells :
    - proerythroblast
    -basophil erythroblasts
    -polychromatophilerythroblast
    -orthochromatophilic erythroblast ( normoblasts )
    -reticulocytes ( immature RBCs )
  4. mature cells ( erythrocytes )
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15
Q

list chc of proerythroblasts

A
  • size : large 17μm
  • cytoplasm : basophilic due to poly ribosomes
  • nucleus: large pale staining with prominent nucleolus
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16
Q

list chc of basophil erythroblasts

A
  • size : smaller 14μm
  • cytoplasm : deep basophilic
  • nucleolus : small and condensed
17
Q

list chc of polychromatophil erythroblast

A
  • size : smaller11μm
  • cytoplasm : many color ( basophil due to poly ribosome and acidophil due to Hb begin to fill the cytoplasm)
  • nucleolus: small and deeply stained
18
Q

list chc of normoblasts

A
  • size : smaller 8 μm
  • cytoplasm : acidophilic
  • nucleolus : small and condensed ( pyknotic ) and eccentric , ready to come out and engulfed by MQ
19
Q

list chc of reticulocytes

A
  • size : slightly larger than normal RBCs
  • cytoplasm : some polyribosome appear as network with the supravital dye brilliant cresyl blue . within 24 - 48 hours become mature erythrocyte
20
Q

list several major changes take place during erythrocyte maturation

A
  1. cell and nuclear volume decrease
  2. nucleoli diminishes in size and disappear
  3. chromatin becomes dense ( pyknotic nuclei ) , then nucleuls becomes extruded from the cell
  4. mitochondria and other organelles gradually disappear
  5. decrease in polyribosome with increase in Hb

histology (7 decks)

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