The Tibiofemoral joint and Patellofemoral joint (knee)

Question 1

Tibio femoral joint is a modified _____ joint that is primarily capable of ______ and ______.

Answer 1

hinge (comprised of side by side condyloid joints), flexion, extension.

Question 2

The actual movements at the tibiofemoral joint may be thought of as a combination of ______ and ______.

Answer 2

rolling and sliding

Question 3

Screw home mechanism, the locking and unlocking of the knee.

Answer 3

1. During open chain extension of the knee movement the tibia will slightly ER and IR during flexion of the knee. During closed chained extension the femur will IR and ER during flexion.
2. Once knee is extended and screwed home, little quadriceps action is required to stabilize the joint. Very efficient means of achieving joint stability.

Question 4

Primary function of the knee

Answer 4

1. Provide stable support to the lower extremity.
2. provide mobility at the joint
   * **a balance must be struck between stability and mobility.

Question 5

Tibia ER locking out

Answer 5

open chain

Question 6

Which femoral condyle is more prominent?

Answer 6

Medial

Question 7

The fibula bears little weight but is important for…

Answer 7

muscle attachments

Question 8

Femur IR locking out

Answer 8

closed chain

Question 9

Name 3 functions of the patella

Answer 9

1. protects inside of knee
2. maintains mechanical advantage as knee is extended
3. Coalesces 4 lines of pull into one

Question 10

How many menisci are there in one knee?

Answer 10

two medial and lateral semilunar fibrocartilaginous disks

Question 11

The medial meniscus are what shape?

The lateral meniscus are what shape?

Answer 11

Medial meniscus = C shaped

Lateral meniscus = O shaped

Question 12

Menisci function

Answer 12

They deepen the tibial plateaus thus increasing joint integrity and absorbs shock when walking/running.

Question 13

The menisci are ______ around the periphery and ______ at the center of the joint.

Answer 13

thick, paper-thin

Question 14

At the periphery, the menisci are attached to the _____ and the ______ ______ ______, but their inner edges are _____ ______, thus free to move.

Answer 14

tibias, synovial joint capsule, not attached

Question 15

The medial meniscus is securely attached to the ______ ______ ______ and the fascia of the __________. The ______ meniscus, therefore, is less free to move than the ______ meniscus and, consequently is more frequently injured.

Answer 15

medial colateral ligament, semimembranosus, medial, lateral

Question 16

T/F Cartilage gets a good blood supply and, thus, its regenerative and recuperative capability is high…damaged cartilage heals well.

Answer 16

False, cartilage has a bad blood supply and does not heal well when damaged.

Question 17

T/F One cannot function without menisci.

Answer 17

False, one can