The Third World and the Vietnam War

Question 1

covert action

Answer 1

undercover intervention in foreign nations’ politics

Question 2

Suez Crisis (1956)

Answer 2

Egypt seized the Great Britain-France owned Suez canal in an attempt to obtain more money to build a dam in the Nile; Great Britain, France, and Israel attacked Egypt and retook the canal

Question 3

Eisenhower Doctrine (1957)

Answer 3

the US pledge to give military and economic aid to Middle Eastern countries threatened by communism

Question 4

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

Answer 4

coordination of oil policies to expand the political power of the participating countries

Question 5

Yom Kippur (October) War (1973)

Answer 5

Syrian/Egyptian surprise attack on Israel in an attempt to recover lands lost in the Six-Day War (1967), resulted in OPEC embargo on oil sold to the US

Question 6

Camp David Accords (1978)

Answer 6

presidential retreat organized by President Carter, involved Israel and Egypt, first step towards peace in the Middle East

Question 7

Iran Hostage Crisis

Answer 7

Islamic fundamentalists overthrew the Shah, US allowed him into the country, Iranian militants seized the US embassy in 1979 and held staff hostage

Question 8

Peace Corps

Answer 8

1961, organization that recruited young volunteers to aid developing countries

Question 9

Alliance of Progress

Answer 9

promoted land reform and economic development in Latin America

Question 10

LBJ Latin America Policy

Answer 10

return of the “Big Stick”; interventionist, did not allow Communist governments to come to power

Question 11

17th Parallel

Answer 11

line at which Vietnam was divided at the 1954 Geneva Conference

Question 12

Ngo Dinh Diem

Answer 12

South Vietnam leader, anti-Communist

Question 13

Ho Chi Minh

Answer 13

Communist dictator of North Vietnam

Question 14

Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)

Answer 14

regional defense pact (similar to NATO), signed in 1954

Question 15

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

Answer 15

Congress gave LBJ full power as Commander in Chief after VIetnamese fired on US gunboats in Tonkin Gulf

Question 16

Vietcong

Answer 16

pro-North South Vietnamese

Question 17

Viet Minh

Answer 17

North Vietnam Army (NVA)

Question 18

Hawkes vs. Doves

Answer 18

Hawks support the Vietnam War, Doves oppose the Vietnam War

Question 19

Tet Offensive

Answer 19

surprise attack by the Vietcong, US military win, demoralized Americans

Question 20

Henry Kissinger

Answer 20

Nixon’s National Security Advisor (1st term) and Secretary of State (2nd Term)

Question 21

Vietnamization

Answer 21

plan to take US troops out of Vietnam with giving training and supplies to the South Vietnamese

Question 22

Nixon Doctrine

Answer 22

Asian allies of the US have support from the US, but few ground troops

Question 23

My Lai Massacre

Answer 23

massacre of unarmed Vietnamese citizens by US soldiers

Question 24

Pentagon Papers

Answer 24

documents leaked and published in the New York Times detailing the mistakes and deceptions of government policy makers in regards to Vietnam

Question 25

Paris Accords (1973)

Answer 25

agreement to cease-fire in Vietnam and allow free-elections on both sides; unsuccessful

Question 26

War Powers Act (1973)

Answer 26

restricted presidential power, 48 hours to report to Congress after taking military action, Congress must approve military action longer than 60 days

Question 27

Fall of Saigon (1975)

Answer 27

Vietnam fully Communist in the capital of Hanoi

Question 28

Genocide in Cambodia (1975)

Answer 28

Cambodia government fell to radical Communist faction, killed millions of its own people to eliminate Western influence from the country