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Joint Pain > The Synovial joint > Flashcards

The Synovial joint Flashcards

1
Q

Main type of joints

A

Cartilaginous
Fibrous
Synovial

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2
Q

Types of fibrous joints

A

Sutures
Syndesmosis
Gomphoses

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3
Q

Types of cartilaginous joints

A

Synchondroses - Primary

Symphyses- Secondary`

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4
Q

Types of synovial joints

A 
plane
hinge
pivot
ellipsoid
saddle
ball and socket
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5
Q

Examples of sutures

A

In the skull

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6
Q

Example of syndesmosis joints

A

Between the radius and ulna

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7
Q

Example of gomphoses joints

A

the joint between teeth and the socket of the mandible

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8
Q

Example of synchrondroses joints

A

Advancing centres of ossification separated by hyaline cartilage
Costal cartilages

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9
Q

Which synchrondroses are persistent throughout life

A

Costal cartilages

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10
Q

Examples of symphysis joints

A

Symphsis pubis

Intervertebral discs

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11
Q

Why is symphsis pubis useful

A

Allows expansion of pelvis during pregnancy

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12
Q

Which intervertabral discs fuse during growth?

A

sacral and coccygeal discs

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13
Q

Examples of plane

A

Intervertabral disk

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14
Q

Example of hinge

A

Elbow joint

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15
Q

Example of Pivot

A

ulna joint between radius and ulna

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16
Q

Example of ellipsoid

A

Occipital bone and 1st vertebrae atlas

17
Q

Example of ball and socket joint

A

Shoulder and arm joint

Hip joint

18
Q

Which synovial joint is most unstable Why

A

Ball and socket

No contact

19
Q

What are the component tissues in synovial joint

A 
Joint capsule
Synovium
Cartilage
Bone
Ligaments
Menisci, bursae and synovial fluid
20
Q

What are the layers of the joint capsule

A

Outer fibrous joint

Inner synovial membrane (synovium)

21
Q

Info on fibrous capsule

A

blends with periosteum and tendons
composed of dense irregular connective tissue
highly innervated

22
Q

Genral info on synovium

A

lines joint cavity except for articular surfaces

produces constituents of synovial fluid

23
Q

Layers of synovium

A

supporting layer or stroma (sub-intima)

lining of synovial cells in contact with synovial fluid
intimal cells

24
Q

Types of synovial cells

A

Type A - macrophages

Type B- Fibroblasts

25
Q

What is the role of macrophage synovial cells. Where is it thought to be derived from?

A

Bone marrow

Secretory and phagocytic function

26
Q

What is the role of

fibroblast synovial cells.

A

Synthesis of components of synovial fluid such as hyaluronic acid

27
Q

What does articulate cartilage contain

A

cells, fibres and matrix arranged in zones

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