The Synovial joint Flashcards
Main type of joints
Cartilaginous
Fibrous
Synovial
Types of fibrous joints
Sutures
Syndesmosis
Gomphoses
Types of cartilaginous joints
Synchondroses - Primary
Symphyses- Secondary`
Types of synovial joints
plane hinge pivot ellipsoid saddle ball and socket
Examples of sutures
In the skull
Example of syndesmosis joints
Between the radius and ulna
Example of gomphoses joints
the joint between teeth and the socket of the mandible
Example of synchrondroses joints
Advancing centres of ossification separated by hyaline cartilage
Costal cartilages
Which synchrondroses are persistent throughout life
Costal cartilages
Examples of symphysis joints
Symphsis pubis
Intervertebral discs
Why is symphsis pubis useful
Allows expansion of pelvis during pregnancy
Which intervertabral discs fuse during growth?
sacral and coccygeal discs
Examples of plane
Intervertabral disk
Example of hinge
Elbow joint
Example of Pivot
ulna joint between radius and ulna
Example of ellipsoid
Occipital bone and 1st vertebrae atlas
Example of ball and socket joint
Shoulder and arm joint
Hip joint
Which synovial joint is most unstable Why
Ball and socket
No contact
What are the component tissues in synovial joint
Joint capsule Synovium Cartilage Bone Ligaments Menisci, bursae and synovial fluid
What are the layers of the joint capsule
Outer fibrous joint
Inner synovial membrane (synovium)
Info on fibrous capsule
blends with periosteum and tendons
composed of dense irregular connective tissue
highly innervated
Genral info on synovium
lines joint cavity except for articular surfaces
produces constituents of synovial fluid
Layers of synovium
supporting layer or stroma (sub-intima)
lining of synovial cells in contact with synovial fluid
intimal cells
Types of synovial cells
Type A - macrophages
Type B- Fibroblasts
What is the role of macrophage synovial cells. Where is it thought to be derived from?
Bone marrow
Secretory and phagocytic function
What is the role of
fibroblast synovial cells.
Synthesis of components of synovial fluid such as hyaluronic acid
What does articulate cartilage contain
cells, fibres and matrix arranged in zones
