Investigating the inflamed joint Flashcards
What is the difference in history for mechanical and inflammatory joints?
Worse with rest
Better with use= Inflammatory
Other way round- mechanical
What are inflammatory markers for joint pain?
PV- plasma viscosity
CRP- C reactive protein
ESR- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
What happens to the body when there is an inflammation?
In inflammation there is increased production of antibodies by B cells, increased cytokine production by other white cells (locally or systemically) and increased protein
production by the liver
What is plasma viscosity
measure of how much protein there is in the serum
What is C reactive protein
an acute phase response produced by the liver
How is ESR measured?
- it takes longer for cells to settle in inflammation
What does high neutophils with inflammation usually mean?
Bacterial infection
What does high eosinophils with inflammation usually mean?
Parasites
Low lymphocytes common in what ?
SLE- lupus
Viral infections
What is main cause of normocytic anaemia in inflammation?
anaemia of chronic disease
What is the main cause of microcytic anaemia?
Iron deficiency anaemia
Why is rheumatoid arthritis associated iron deficiency
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories used for pain relief of RA
They cause iron deficiency anaemia
What drugs cause iron deficiency anaemia?
NSAID’s
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories
What is the main cause of macrocytic anaemia?
B12 and folate deficiency
Alcohol
Thyroid problems
What is the main cause of folate deficiency
Methotrexate- dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor
What are common causes of hyperuricaemia?
Diuretic medications
Increasing age
Diet