The Swing Era Flashcards
1
Q
1920s
A
- More money; urban living, leisure, modernity
- Casual public interactions between men and women
- Exploration, free-spending social dancing, and drinking
2
Q
1930s
A
- Great depresion
- economic affluence that supported jazz vanished
- bankruptcy
3
Q
Social movements
A
- American Communist party
- Rastafarianism
- Nation of Islam
4
Q
New Deal, Common Man, & Swing Ideology
A
- President Franklin Roosevelt New deal, federal relief policies, public work jobs, govt support
- jazz went up in New deal
5
Q
Swing ideology
A
- Emerged after 1935
- represented leftist: equated democracy
- played by big bands liberating self expression
- vehicle that promoted AA culture
- functional dance music
- declined in 1940s
- Network radio cheap entertainment
- musicians started road trips
6
Q
Big Bands
A
- proliferated in 1930s-1940s
- popularity spurred by radio broadcasts
- territory bands Don Albend Band, Texas - training grounds
- Hot style music
7
Q
BIg Bands
A
- larger ensemble
- bandleading
- arrangers
- interplay bt sections
- Saxophone became melodic foundation
8
Q
Coleman Hawkins
A
_ Four sax model: soprano, alto, tenor , baritone became standard
_ Rhythm section: piano ( and or guitar) , acoustic bass, drum set w/ tuba or banjo
9
Q
Rhythm section
A
walking bass- playing a different note on each of 4 beats
guitar- steady one chordal strum per beat called chomping
drums- steady beat on bass drum w/ ride patterns
piano- uncluttered smooth
10
Q
Arrangers
A
Written arrangement
- antiphony : one section plays against other section
- Riffs : Short repeated melodic phrases accompanied by solos
- Soli: harmonized melody played by one section
- Shout chorus: last chorus , loudest, climax of song: woody herman
- Stop time: band played brief chords at intervals and soloist improvise
rhythmic quality called swing
11
Q
BIg bands
A
- Symbolized orderly progress
- Education was blocked racial discrimination but musicians learned values : presentation and appearance
12
Q
Benny Goodman
A
- Lets dance radio program
- Clarinet and bandleader
- Represented Traditional AA swing to white audience
- Formed small interracial groups : 1st band SIng SIngSIng
13
Q
Duke Ellington
A
- Composer, pianist, arranger, bandleader : greatest composer
- Jungle style wah wah and growl sound to evoke dark jungle
- transformed jazz from dance music to serious for listening and attentive contemplation
- Ellington effect showing strong musical personalities
14
Q
Women Musicians
A
- Usually only singing or playing piano
15
Q
Billie Holiday
A
- known for vocal delivery and improvisational skills
- one on one relationship when singing
