The Stuarts - 1603-1625

Question 1

1604 - Treaty of London

Answer 1

Ended war with Spain - James, the peacemaker King

Question 2

1613 - marriage

Answer 2

James’ daughter Elizabeth marries Frederick of the Palatinate (Protestant)

Question 3

The Spanish Match

Answer 3

James attempt to marry Charles to marry the Spanish infanta. £600,000 dowry.
Parl = NO, Howard family = YES, Spanish = NO

Question 4

1921 - The Addled Parliament - Parliamentary protestation

Answer 4

Anticipating war and a need for money James allows Parliament to discuss wat. They criticise the Spanish match, James gets angry, Parl passes the protestation, James tears the page from the book and dissolves the parliament

Question 5

1623 - The Trip to Madrid

Answer 5

Jack and Tom Smith, Charles and Buckingham, go to try and see the Spanish Infanta. They are not allowed in. Embarrasment and calls for war.

Question 6

1624 -

Answer 6

Buck wanted an anti-Hapsburg alliance (wanted an ally with France and wanted a military alliance to restore Fred)

Marriage to HM BUT HM and children can practice Catholicism, England has to be more tolerant to Catholics, They will help French against the Hugenots, no mention of a military alliance against the Spanish

Question 7

1603 - Recusancy fines reduced

Answer 7

Fines for Catholics not attending church

Question 8

1603 Millenary petition

Answer 8

Puritan petition calling for an end to Catholic practices, bowing, robes etc

Question 9

1604 - Recusancy fines returned to their original value, Hampton Court conference

Answer 9

Recusancy fines returned to their original value
Hampton Court conference - to discuss the petition, led to the James 1 Bible.

Question 10

1604 Bancroft Canons

Answer 10

Upheld practices - robes etc

Question 11

1605

Answer 11

Gunpowder Plot

Question 12

1606 Oath of Allegiance

Answer 12

all must declare allegiance to the monarch over the Pope and laws were passed to stop Catholics living near London and holding public office

Question 13

1611 - George Abbott - Archbishop of Canterbury

Answer 13

Tolerance for Puritans, But there was a growing prominence of Arminians in Court.

Question 14

1624 - Richard Montagu

Answer 14

‘A new gag for an old goose’ criticising Puritanism and not censored by James 1

Question 15

Ordinary revenue is…..

Answer 15

Crown lands, wardship, inheritance tx, purveyance (discounts on food and supplies) and monopolies

Question 16

Custom duties are….

Answer 16

Tunnage and Poundage and new impositions

Question 17

Occasional sources of finance include….

Answer 17

Forced loans, loans on credit, sale of assets

Question 18

Direct taxes are…..

Answer 18

tax on movable goods, poll tax, subsidies (tax on income) and ship money

Question 19

1606 finance

Answer 19

3 subsidies granted but £44000 given away in Patronage.
Also the Bates Case - who refused to pat duty on currants. The courts found in favour of James. Very significant as it meant the King could put levies on LOTS of things without needing to call Parliament.

Question 20

1608 - New Treasurer

Answer 20

Robert Cecil (1st Earl of Salisbury). Tried to persuade Charles to stop giving away Crown lands.

Question 21

1608 Book of Bounty

Answer 21

Survey of Crown lands - lands and rents revalued BUT James kept giving it away

Question 22

1608 - Book of Rates

Answer 22

All impositions now moved in line with inflation - adding 1400 more = £70,000 earned

Question 23

1610 - City of London loan

Answer 23

To James of £100,000

Question 24

1610 - The Great Contract

Answer 24

James asked for £600,000 and an annual subsidy of £200,000 and he would give up wardship and some others. Parl said no unless the Bates case was overturned.

Question 25

1611 - Baronet title created

Answer 25

A new title created being sold for £1095 each. It raised £91000 but no limit on the number of these so by 1622 they were only worth £220 each.

Question 26

1614 - The Cockayne project

Answer 26

A monopoly to finish cloth but the Dutch refused it,

Question 27

1614 - New Treasurer

Answer 27

Earl of Suffolk

Question 28

1617 - New Treasurer

Answer 28

Cranfield - attacked wastage and reduced household expenditure by 50%

Question 29

1621 - Subsidies granted

Answer 29

£140,000 but James is £900,000 in debt

Question 30

1624 - Subsidy Act

Answer 30

£300,000 granted for war only

Question 31

1624 - Statute of monopolies

Answer 31

Limited the right for the kind to issue monopolies to 100 and only new ones could be granted on new inventions

Question 32

1625 - Warship revenue up by how much?

Answer 32

£36,000

Question 33

1st Parliament (1604-11)

Answer 33

1) Buckinghamshire election (James 1 tries to replace MP with his own candidate)
2) The Shirley Case (1604) - arrested while Parliament in session
3) 1604 - Union with Scotland - plan collapsed
4) The Great Contract (1610) - relationship breaks down over finance

Key problems: James didn’t make his policies clear at the start and didn’t ensure enough Privy Councillors in the House of Commons

Question 34

The 2nd Parliament (The Addled Parliament) 1614

Answer 34

Financial problems - Refused a benevolence of £65000 for Henry’s funeral and LIz’s marriage)

Factional conflict - Howard family - gifts from James, fearing an investigation by Parliament they undermined Parliament provoking conflict.

Manipulation of MPs - Crown attempted to make deals in order to get Parliamentary support (via patronage) was leaked

Question 35

The 3rd Parliament (1621)

Answer 35

Monopolies - MPs focused on the abuse of monopolies and leading to the impeachment of Bacon.

FP - fell out over the right to discuss FP. Let to the Protestation.

Question 36

The 4th Parliament (1624)

Answer 36

1) FP - failed trip to Madrid, call for war but small subsidy granted but limited to war spending.
2) Monopolies - Parl wanted to limit and severely limited by 1624 to only new interventions. FIRST strategic limitation on royal prerogative
3) Impeachment of Cranfield.