The Structure of the Travel and Tourism Industry

Question 1

What is the structure of the T&T industry?

Answer 1

It consists of non-commercial organisations, commercial organisations and agencies of travel and tourism products.

Question 2

What does the private sector organisations covers?

Answer 2

• Accommodation Providers
• Transport Providers
• Travel Agencies
• Tour Operators
• Visitors Attractions

Question 3

What does COMMERCIAL ORGANISATION consists of and what is their main aim?

Answer 3

The private sector and their main aim is to generate profit by selling products and services, maintain sales to avoid debt, survival, improve their public image and reputation and increase quality in their products and services

Question 4

What does NON-COMMERCIAL ORGANISATION consists of?

Answer 4

Public Sector and Voluntary Sector

Question 5

What is the role of Public Sector organisation?

Answer 5

Helping to promote destinations and they often provide a range of services to encourage tourism development, and advice on marketing or promotion.

Question 6

What are the main components of T&T products and services?

Answer 6

• Transportation
• Attractions
• Accommodation and catering
• Travel Agents
• Tour Operators
• Tourism development and promotion

Question 7

Define SERVICE or CATERED accommodation and NON-SERVICED or SELF-CATERING accommodation.

Answer 7

SERVICE or CATERED accommodation - accommodation that members or staff available to provide service (house keeping and meals)

NON-SERVICED or SELF-CATERING accommodation - no meals provided, no staff available to provide cleaning or room service

Question 8

Types of transportation?

Answer 8

AIR - commercial airline and no frills airline, charted airline

LAND - car, coach, rail

WATER - ferries, cruise ships

Question 9

Define Travel Agency and Tour Operator.

Answer 9

Travel Agency - They are retailers, and sell travel products and ancillary products

Tour Operator - They are the producer, and put together holiday packages for sale

Question 10

What is integration? What are the two types of integration?

Answer 10

The combination of two or more companies under the same control for mutual benefit.

Types of integration:

1. Horizontal integration
2. Vertical integration

Question 11

What is Public Limited Company?

Answer 11

Is usually a large, well known business. This could be a manufacturer or a chain of retailers with most branches in most city centres.

Question 12

What is the Private limited Company?

Answer 12

Is often a small business such as an independent retailer in a market town.

Question 13

There are 3 types of tourist attractions. What are they?

Answer 13

• Natural attractions
• Built attractions
• Events and festivals

Question 14

What is double with bed and breakfast?

Answer 14

Occupancy of a room with a double bed and for daily breakfast.

Question 15

What are the types of board in catering and what are they?

Answer 15

TWIN WITH HALF BOARD is the occupancy of a twin bedded room and daily breakfast with either lunch or dinner

SINGLE WITH FULL BOARD is the occupancy of a single bedroom by one person and breakfast, lunch or dinner provided daily

ALL-INCLUSIVE is all three meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) provided as well as light snacks throughout the day and entertainment

Question 16

What are the aims of Public Sector Organisation and what is their main source of funding?

Answer 16

Aims :

• Creating employment through tourism
• Improving tourist facilities for tourist and local people
• Improvement of economy

Source of funding :
- Usually funded by the government and also from taxes.

Question 17

Where do Voluntary Sectors Organisation received their main source of funding?

Answer 17

• Sales from small business eg. gift shops owned by voluntary sector
• Donations or legacies
• Membership fees

Question 18

What are the different sizes of the companies?

Answer 18

Big companies employ more than 250 people, SMEs employ up to 250 people and micro businesses consists of less than 10 people

Question 19

What are the aims of the Voluntary Sector and what is their main source of funding?

Answer 19

Aims:
Provide facilities that are not available to the community, non-profit goal returning the surplus to help the people, bring attention to major issues in society

Funding:
Donations and membership fees

Question 20

What are the functions of Tourist Information Centre (TIC)?

Answer 20

• They offer a wide range of information
• Provide promotions
• They help and find book suitable local accommodation
• Sell souvenirs and merchandise relating to the local area

Question 21

How does the private sector meet its stakeholder’s expectations?

Answer 21

Profits, dividends, meeting their target market share

Question 22

How does the public sector and the voluntary sector meet its stakeholder’s expectations?

Answer 22

By meeting their aims and objectives

Question 23

Give examples of a natural attraction, a built attraction and an event/festival

Answer 23

Natural attraction- Cornwall, Stonehenge, Lake Windermere
Built attraction- visitor heritage centre, museums & art galleries, historic areas
Event/festival- Rio De Janeiro Carnival in Brazil, Albuquerque International Balloon Festival