The Management and Development of Tourist Destinations Flashcards
Who are the people responsible for destination management?
- Commercial organization
- Non-commercial organization
What is sustainable tourism?
Attempting to make a low impact of the environmental and local culture while helping to generate future employment for local people
List down 3 positive economic impacts of tourism development
- More jobs created
- Increase GDP
- Increase income
- Multiplier effect
- Improved infrastructure
List down 3 negative economic impacts of tourism development
- Increase living cos
- Leakage
- Increased taxes
- Decline of traditional employment oppurtunities
- Seasonality of employment
- All inclusive resort
How does improving infrastructure benefit the tourist destination?
- Attract more tourist , the government need to further develop the country’s infrastructure ,like building of more better roads and railways. This can help to improve accessibility in the country .
- Upgrade attractions and facilities could also benefit both locals and visitor
How can seasonality of employment affect the local economy
- Employment oppurtunities only available for limited times during the year, This caused widespread unemployment during low tourist seasons.
- Seasonal workers are usually paid minimum wages and rely heavily on tips to increase their income and for the remainder of the year , they had to survive by the money that they have saved over the summer/winter season
- It was risky because the number of tourist arrivals can be affected by natural disasters /unrest and many workers would be unable to care financialy for their families
What is Multiplier effect?
- Spread wealth through out local community and area
- The multiplier effect can lead to wealth and increasing economic development within a tourist destination .Once a new industry like the tourism is established,it will attract additional investment eg.more business set up workers from surrounding areas leading to fulfil her economic growth and expansion of the economy
What is leakage and how does it occur ?
- Leakage is the large -scale transfer of tourism revenue out of the host country . money lost from a destination
- Leakage occurs in numbers of ways
i) Import leakage occurs when tourist demand standards of equipment, food and other products that are not readily available in the host country. Eg. Food and drinks have to be imported and the income leaves the country to pay for these goods
ii) Export leakage occurs when foreign multi-national companies, eg hotel and resort owner operate in LEDC. they take their profit back to their country of origin
Example of positive environmental impacts
- Conservation and preservation of natural habitat
- Establishment of wildlife reserves and environmental laws
- Traffic management schemes
- Regeneration and redevelopment of derelict sites
How to minimize negative environmental impacts?
- Planning controls = restrict development in sensitive areas
- Sustainability principles- applied to aspects of development eg. Making sure resources do not run out
- Visitor/traffic management schemes introduced at key locations
- Audit to identify risk areas
List down 5 negative environmental impacts
- Land pollution
- Noise pollution
- Visual pollution eg. paranormic view damage
- Air pollution
- Water pollution
- Destruction of natural wildlife system and breeding patterns
- Erosion of natural resources
- Traffic congestion
- “honeypot ’sites
How can development of tourism deliver positive socio-cultural impact to the destination
- Preserving custom and craft
- Preserving traditional skills
- Revival of festivals and ceremonies
- Supports responsible tourism
- Local develop a sense of pride in own identity
- Provision of community facilities and public services
- Aiding of international understanding
- Encourage travel , mobility and social integration
- Improving quality of life for the local population
- Craftsmen become a cultural asset
Negative socio-cultural impacts
- Conflicts with the host community
- Crime
- Loss of cultural identity through commodification
- Loss of authencity
- Adaption to tourism demands
- Change to the family structure
- Social problem eg.begging and prostitution
- Sex tourism
- Demonstration effect
What is VICE
Visitor Industry Community Environment
What are the aims of the VICE
To achieve balance between
1) a prosperus ourism industry which sustains jobs and the local economy
2) the environmental and social pressures from increased numbers of visitors which could undermine , the quality of life and the resources on which the industry itself depends
