The structure of the Earth

Question 1

What are the 5 different parts of the Earth?

Answer 1

(staring from the outside)

Crust 
🠯
Upper mantle
🠯
Lower mantle
🠯
Outer core
🠯
Inner core

Question 2

How thick is the crust in km?

Answer 2

35 to 70km

Question 3

How thick is the upper mantle in km?

Answer 3

720km

Question 4

How thick is the lower mantle in km?

Answer 4

2,171km

Question 5

How thick is the mantle in km?

Answer 5

2,900km

Question 6

How thick is the outer core in km?

Answer 6

2,300km

Question 7

How thick is the inner core in km?

Answer 7

1,200km

Question 8

What are the 2 types of tectonic plates?

Answer 8

Continental and oceanic

Question 9

What is the crust made of?

Answer 9

Solid rock

Question 10

What is the mantle made of?

Answer 10

Semi-molten magma

Question 11

How much volume of the Earth does the mantle take up?

Answer 11

80%

Question 12

Is the lower mantle made of softer rock compared to the upper mantle?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

What state is the outer core in?

Answer 13

Liquid state

Question 14

What metals is the core mainly made from?

Answer 14

Iron and nickel

Question 15

Is the core dense?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

How hot is the inner core?

Answer 16

5500°C

Question 17

How much does the inner core grow each year?

Answer 17

1mm

Question 18

Why do tectonic plates move?

Answer 18

Because of convection currents

Question 19

What are convection currents formed by?

Answer 19

Heat rising in the mantle, losing heat and therefore sinking, then rising again. This steadily drags plates apart over time.

Question 20

What is a destructive plate boundary?

Answer 20

A destructive plate boundary is when a continental and an oceanic plate push towards each other

Question 21

What happens at a destructive plate boundary?

Answer 21

As they collide, the denser, heavier oceanic plate is forced underneath the continental plate. This is known as subduction. The oceanic plate melts to form magma. The magma’s pressure builds up and it escapes through weaknesses in the rock and rises through a composite volcano.

Question 22

What is formed at a destructive plate boundary?

Answer 22

Subduction zones and ocean trenches are formed at a destructive plate boundary.

Question 23

What is a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 23

A constructive plate boundary is when the plates move away from each other.

Question 24

What happens at a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 24

The magma from the mantle rises up to create a new crust and can also create shield volcanoes.

Question 25

What is formed at a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 25

A new crust, shield volcanoes, and ocean ridges

Question 26

What is a conservative plate boundary?

Answer 26

A conservative plate boundary is when the plates slide past each other in opposite directions or in the same directions but different speeds.

Question 27

What happens at a conservative plate boundary?

Answer 27

The plates attempt to move but due to friction they become stuck, however the plates are still trying to move so pressure increases. When it is released, the energy can cause earthquakes.