The structure of arteries, veins and capillaries Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens to the blood pressure as blood moves away from the heart?

A

it decreases

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2
Q

What happens during vasoconstriction?

A

smooth muscle contracts causing constriction of the arteriole, decreasing blood flow.

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3
Q

What happens during vasodilation?

A

Smooth muscle relaxes, and the arteriole dilates, increasing blood flow.

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4
Q

Describe capillaries:

A
  • form dense networks around body tissues
  • very thin walls
  • allows efficient exchange of materials
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5
Q

Describe arteries:

A
  • Have an outer layer of connect tissue containing elastic fibres
  • middle layer of smooth muscle with more elastic fibres
  • The elastic walls stretch and recoil to accommodate the surge of blood after each contraction of the heart
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6
Q

Describe veins:

A
  • Have an outer layer of connective tissue containing elastic fibres
  • much thinner wall than arteries
  • contain valves to prevent the back flow of blood
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7
Q

what does pressure filtration do?

A

it causes blood plasma to pass through the capillary walls into the tissue fluid surrounding the cells

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8
Q

what does tissue fluid supply to cells?

A
  • Oxygen
  • glucose
  • other substances
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9
Q

what does blood plasma have that tissue fluid doesn’t?

A

plasma proteins

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10
Q

What is the function of the lymphatic vessels?

A

They absorb excess tissue fluid and return it as lymph to the circulatory system.

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