The Stomach and the Lesser Sac Flashcards
The Stomach is attached to the liver via
the lesser omentum, which carries the hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein and bile duct.
What does the lesser omentum carry
the hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein and bile duct.
Behind the stomach lies the
lesser sac
behind the lesser sac lies the
Pancreas, splenic artery and part of the duodenum, these are collectively referred to as the gastric bed.
gastric bed
Pancreas, splenic artery and part of the duodenum
The stomach contains a harsh environment with high acidity and this may lead to destruction of the mucosa leading to a
‘peptic ulcer
Once the mucosa is breached the ulcer may erode through the gastric wall into adjacent structures, including
blood vessels and the gastric bed
Tumours of the stomach are relatively common and may spread via lymphatics to .. and veins to ..
lymphatics to the nodes surrounding the coeliac axis,
veins to the liver.
The Coeliac trunk is the artery to the fore gut, it branches off the front of the aorta just below the diaphragm and supplies
from the lower third of the oesophagus to the 2nd part of the duodenum.
The liver and part of the pancreas develop from where and are supplied by
develop from the fore gut and are also supplied by branches of the coeliac trunk
Venous blood drains into
the portal vein to be taken to the liver.
The fore gut receives a sympathetic nerve supply from ..
and a parasympathetic nerve supply from the
the Greater Splanchnic Nerve (T5-T9) vagal trunks (X cranial nerve).
Veins in the lower third of the oesophagus usually drain to the portal vein but they also join with veins in the chest which drain to
the superior vena cava
n disease of the liver, eg. Cirrhosis, the portal venous channels in the liver become progressively smaller until there are insufficient for normal blood flow. The venous blood from the bowel will then flow up
the veins of the oesophagus and into the superior vena cava, a porto-systemic shunt
The veins in the oesophagus distend to form
oesophageal varices; varicose veins of the oesophagus which bleed easily.
Some children, in the first six weeks of life, over develop the pyloric sphincter and the stomach cannot empty into the duodenum what is this called and how is it presented
pyloric stenosis
After feeding, when the stomach contracts, food it forced out of the mouth, projectile vomiting. Because the child is not getting any nutrition they are always hungry and eager to feed.
A common site for peptic ulcer is the
posterior wall of the first part of the duodenum
if a peptic ulcer erodes through the duodenal wall it may erode into the and cause what
gastroduodenal artery and cause very brisk bleeding.
At what vertebral level does the oesophagus pass through the diaphragm?
Thoracic 10.
Which structure(s) passes through the diaphragm alongside the oesophagus?
The vagal trunks, inferior oesophageal artery and vein.
Draw and name the parts of the stomach.
look up in handbook 
From where does the stomach receive its nerve supply?
Parasympathetic from the vagus nerves, cranial nerve X
Sympathetic from the greater splanchnic nerves, Thoracic nerves T5-T9
What structure attaches the stomach to the liver?
Lesser omentum
Which structures lie in front of the stomach?
Left lobe of the liver, anterior abdominal wall
Which structures lie behind the stomach?
The lesser sac, behind the lesser sac is the pancreas and diaphragm.
What is a porto-systemic anastomosis?
It is a vein which joins to the hepatic portal system (so can carry blood to the liver) to
the systemic system. It can take blood from the bowel and bypass the liver to return the blood to the heart.
