The Stimulus-Response Model

Question 1

Reflexes produced by a response to a stimuli in the environment

Answer 1

Behaviorism

Question 2

Consequences from one’s personal history, including reinforcement and punishment.

Answer 2

Behaviorism

Question 3

Individual’s current motivational state and __________ always affects a person.

Answer 3

controlling stimuli

Question 4

One’s behavior can be determined through ___________ and _____________, a pattern.

Answer 4

inheritance and environmental factors,

Question 5

Propelled the “Propaganda Technique in the World War”; first ventured into the “Propaganda Technique in the World War”

Answer 5

Harold Lasswell (1927)

Question 6

Focused on looking at voting patterns and the relationship between the media and political power in Franklin D. Roosevelt’s case.

Answer 6

Elihu Katz and Karl Lazarsfeld

Question 7

Studied the current “media effects” via political journalism; media working with politics

Answer 7

Frank Esser (2008)

Question 8

Mass media → isolated individuals constituting a mass

Answer 8

Hypodermic Needle Theory (after Katz & Lazarsfeld, 1955)

Question 9

Messages are received automatically

Ex: Vaccine (content) and Syringe (platform)

Answer 9

“Transmission-belt model”

Question 10

Transmission of (media) gun to (viewers) head

Answer 10

“Magic bullet theory”

Question 11

An intended message is ___________ and wholly accepted by audiences

Answer 11

directly received

Question 12

_____________ towards the audience is reputed to be seen with immediate effects.

Answer 12

“Shooting paradigm”

Question 13

The public (mass society) is ________ and cannot escape the media’s influences.

Answer 13

vulnerable

Question 14

People are __________ by biological instincts toward stimuli.

Answer 14

uniformly controlled

Question 15

Questioned the psychological and sociological theories (1900s to the 1930s)

Answer 15

Instinct psychology

Question 16

The paradigm was limited to the urban setting with migrants susceptible to manipulation.

Answer 16

Mass Society theories

Question 17

Propaganda and Hollywood, effects of media in the 1930s and the 1940s.

Answer 17

Belief in early propaganda research

Question 18

Quick effects from media, with the changes in the environment leading to mass hysteria.

Answer 18

Finding the right stimuli

Question 19

shows that origins, norms, values, beliefs held by people can be different.

Answer 19

Social isolation leads to limited social control

Question 20

there is an inherited human nature and isolated social condition.

Answer 20

Uniformed reception and interpretation

Question 21

guided by uniform instincts, in which people respond to media messages similarly.

Answer 21

Actions are not influenced by social ties

Question 22

this serves as people’s guide for reacting or responding to the environment they are in.

Answer 22

Humans are wired with a set of instincts

Question 23

Criticism:

Answer 23

The Masses are not single-minded

Question 24

________________ with the presentation of arguments and views. (distorting arguments)

Answer 24

“Intellectual” straw man fallacy

Question 25

Tend to focus on the _________ of content and execution rather than experimentation.

Answer 25

descriptions

Question 26

There are _____________ and __________ to stimuli that are ignored at times.

Answer 26

different variables and reactions