The state of relations by 1945 Flashcards
What countries were the leading capitalist democracy before ww2?
The USA and Britain.
Break down the monthly events of 1945.
Jan- Most European states are liberated by Soviet troops
Feb- Yalta conference
April- Roosevelt dies;Hitler commits suicide
May- The war in Europe ends
July- Churchill is defeated in the General election; successful test of the USA’s atomic weapon
July/Aug- Potsdam conference
Aug- Two atomic bombs are dropped on Japan at Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Sept- Japan agrees to an unconditional surrender to American forces
What was the basis of American capitalism and what does this mean?
Every individual has the right to liberty. This does not equate to equality in terms of social and economic status e.g every citizen should have equal opportunities but not necessarily equal outcomes.
Liberty was also based on free market economics, which enabled competition and the free exchange of goods to take place with minimal governmental intervention. The economic emphasis was on the need for individual freedom, in order to achieve economic growth and personal happiness, without state control undermining the process.
Businesses would compete and this competition benefited everyone; any individual was free to was free to join the competition if they wished.
How do capitalist democracies enshrine political freedom?
In the right of every citizen to have a choice of how the system would be led. e.g free elections, which enabled citizens to select their leaders from a range of candidates and political parties.
What was FDR’s global vision and how did this differ from the previous foreign relation policies of the USA?
He wanted America to bring the four freedoms: freedom of speech of speech and expression, freedom of religion, freedom of want and freedom fear, to the European and asian countries taken over bye the axis powers.
This greatly differs from the OG foreign policy of political isolation from European powers during peacetime and maintaining strict neutrality during periods of war.
What happened on 14 Aug 1941?
The Atlantic charter was made ad signed by Roosevelt and Churchill.
They met aboard navel ships in Placentia Bay to discuss issues relating to WW2.
This resulted in the Atlantic charter were both men say they “deem it right to make known certain common principles in the national policies of their respective countries on which they base their hopes for a better future for the world”
basically a team up is happening.
What are the 8 common principles?
1.not to seek territorial gains from war.
2.opposition to territorial charges made against the wishes of the people concerned.
3.restoration of self-government to those nations who have lost during the war.
4.people have the right to choose their own form of government
5.access for all nations to raw materials needed for economic prosperity and the easing of trade restrictions
6.international cooperation to secure improved living and working conditions for all
7.freedom of the seas
8.all countries abandon the use of force
What is Marxism and how did it turn into Leninism?
What did Stalin do once he gained power?
Why did ideology play such a big role in the Cold War?
Who is Maisky and what was his warning?
What happened from 28 Nov-1 Dec?
What was the 1944 Maiski memorandum?
What happened in Oct 1944?
How significant was Churchill’s naughty document?
