The Start of the Cold War in Asia

Question 1

When did the Chinese civil war start?

Answer 1

1927

Question 2

What happened to Japan after WW2, who occupied it?

Answer 2

The USA took occupation of Japan after they surrendered.

Question 3

Who was General Douglas MacArthur?

Answer 3

he was the US commander of the occupying forces and was given almost dictatorial power to turn Japan from a militeralistic state to a democratic one with communism banned

Question 4

Were US bases built on Japanese territory

Answer 4

YES

Question 5

What was the strategic importance of Japan?

Answer 5

it is very close to many communist countries such as Russia and north Korea and china. Naval control in Pacific to major counties like the USSR and China

Question 6

What did the USA originally intend to do with Japan?

Answer 6

make Japan militarily weak but a democratic power that would no longer be capable of starting a war. however they chnaged their minds due to the cold wars development

Question 7

What did the treaty signed in 1951 do?

Answer 7

It formally ended the war between the US and Japan and ended the occupation. An alliance was also signed that allowed the USA to maintain military bases and troops on Japanese territory.

Question 8

What did Japan promise in terms of trading?

Answer 8

To stop trading with China.

Question 9

When was the Sanfransisco

Question 10

When does Japan join GATT?

Answer 10

1950

Question 11

What was the reverse course policy in Japan?

Answer 11

It began in 1947 and was a shift from demilitarization and democratization of Japan to economic reconstruction and remilitarization of Japan.

Question 12

Who lead the Nationalists in China?

Answer 12

jiang jeishi

Question 13

Who lead the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)?

Answer 13

Mao Zedong

Question 14

What was the marshal mission?

Answer 14

it attempted to get mao and chiang to support a coalition government

Question 15

What type of aid did the USA give the Nationalists?

Answer 15

financial ( about $2 billion)

Question 16

When was the loss of china and what did it mean?

Answer 16

1949
When china become communist

Question 17

Where did Chiang Kai- Shek flee to after china became communist?

Answer 17

Tiwan

Question 18

How did the US try and weaken Mao’s position?

Answer 18

they blocked the entry of the peoples republic into the united nations

Question 19

What was Stains relationship with Mao like?

Answer 19

Strained as Stalin never gave Mao the amount of support he wanted so it was a weak relationship

Question 20

What effect did the loss of china have in the short term?

Answer 20

it lead to the development of Acheson’s defensive perimeter strategy and the NSC-68

Question 21

What effect did the loss of china have in the medium term?

Answer 21

it lead to fierce criticism of Truman that containment had failed and helped Eisenhower’s victory in the president election

Question 22

What effect did the loss of china have in the long term?

Answer 22

it played a role in US cold war strategy in Asia until 1970s and escalated to things like the Vietnam war

Question 23

Did Stalin view China as a proper communist state and why?

Answer 23

n9o as it wasn’t following Marxist views on industrilisaton

Question 24

Why did Mao go to the USSR in December 1949?

Answer 24

to get approval from the leader of world communism

Question 25

What does PRC stand for?

Answer 25

Peoples Republic of China

Question 26

What does CCP stand for?

Answer 26

Chinese communist party

Question 27

What does ROC stand for?

Answer 27

Republic of China

Question 28

What was the US’s two Chinas policy?

Answer 28

in 1950 the USA blocked PRC from joining the UN instead they gave their place to ROC and they believed there were tow Chinas now

Question 29

What are Quemoy and Tachen?

Answer 29

Islands off Taiwan with Jiang Jie Shi’s soldiers

Question 30

When did Jiang Jie Shi announce holy war against china?

Answer 30

1954

Question 31

What did the Mutual Defence pact say?

Answer 31

it was signed between the USA and Taiwan and the US signed to say they will defend Taiwan if China invades

Question 32

What happens to the Tachen Islands in 1955?

Answer 32

the CCP seize them

Question 33

When was the Formosa Resolution and what did it do?

Answer 33

1955
Allowed Eisenhower to take whatever action he felt necessary to defend Taiwan

Question 34

What happened in 1958 in Quemoy and Matsu

Answer 34

they were attacked by China Dulles and then the US navy was ordered to Taiwan and china negotiated and a ceasefire was declared

Question 35

What was NSC 68?

Answer 35

It was a review of the USA’s strategic priorates
it was written in April 1950
it laid out the new national security strategy for the USA and was secret.
wasn’t published until 1975

Question 36

What were the key points made in NSC 68?

Answer 36

Massive weapons build up needed
Alliances
Global Cold War ( turning point)
Military readiness is key to containment

Question 37

Who was Korea occupied by during and after WW2?

Answer 37

Japan

Question 38

What happened to Korea at the end of WW2?

Answer 38

It was divided into 2 zones occupied by the usa and ussr

Question 39

Where did the Korean Boarder begin?

Answer 39

38th parallel

Question 40

Was the boarder originally temporary?

Answer 40

yes it was hoped that there would be free elections to unify the country

Question 41

Who were the two leaders in Korea?

Answer 41

Syngman Rhee and Kim II Sung

Question 42

When did the North Korean troops invade the south?

Answer 42

25th June 1950

Question 43

What happened in the first attack from North Korea?

Answer 43

135,000 North Korean troops backe with soviet made tanks and aircrafts ivaded the south and took over Seoul - the capital of the south- the south turned to the US and the US turned to the UN

Question 44

Who decided whether the south got support?

Answer 44

the united nations