The Solemn League and Covenant Flashcards
Why did the Treaty of Oxford 1643 not materialise?
Charles believed he was still in a strong position and could not accept parliament’s demands for the complete abolition of bishops.
The implication of the Battle of Adwalton Moor in June 1643
The Earl of Newcastle, Royalist commander in the north of England, secured much of the north and parts of the midlands.
Although Hull remained in parliamentarian hands.
The fall of Bristol July 1643
It was in the south-west, which gave the Royalists access to an important port, and England’s third largest city
The excise tax 1643 by Pym
An excise tax on everyday goods was levied in the countries under parliament’s control
The land tax by Pym 1643
• Success
It was levied weekly and later monthly.
The counties of the Eastern Association alone paid more per year in assessment than Charles raised from all Ship Money
Why did the Scots want to be involved with the Solemn League and Covenant of 1643?
The Scots were concerned with the increasing success of the Royalist, as victory in England would give Charles the confidence to subdue Scotland.
What was the Solemn League and Covenant of 1643 in detail
It was taken by members of the House of Commons in September 1643 and Westminster Assembly of theologians, which promised the English would establish a Presbyterian Church in return for military assistance from the Scots
In what form did the Scots help with?
Parliament sent the Scots money to equip their army, and in early 1644 an army of more than 20,000 men entered England, led by Alexander Leslie.
What happened in the Battle of Marston Moore 1644
York surrendered and as a result all of northern England was under parliament’s control.
Implication of the Battle of Marston Moore 1644
Marston Moor demonstrated the renewed strength of parliamentarian army as a result of the Solemn League and Covenant
Name 2 Royalists resurgent victories in mid 1644
1) Cropredy Bridge in Oxfordshire June 1644
2) They decimated Essex;s army at Lostwithiel, Cornwall September
What was the implication of the Second Battle of Newbury October 1644 to parliament?
At the Second Battle of Newbury in October 1644, parliament failed to achieve victory despite outnumbering the King’s army by more than two to one.
What did the Self Denying Ordinance do in 1644
It necessitated all MPs and Lords to resign their military commands.
What was the intention of the Self Denying Ordinance in 1644?
It was intended to remove commanders who had performed poorly, such as the Earl of Essex and the Earl of Manchester, with whom Cromwell had a personal disagreement after Newbury
Why was the NMA unique?
• Size and funded
It was a single national force of 21,000 men
Members were well paid, with infantry receiving 8% per day
