the social impact of religious and economic change under mary i Flashcards
What was public opinion on Mary coming into power and reverting back to Catholicism?
They seemed to welcome it, with enthusiasm from most as they produced large sums of money at great speed to devote to conservative religious projects.
What problems did Mary face at first regarding the change back to Catholicism?
- Protestantism had attracted support in London and other parts of the South
- The reformed Protestant Church was protected in statute law
- Many members of the political elites had benefitted financially from the acquisition of monastic land and had no desire to give it back
What happened to the most prominent Protestant clergy when Mary came to the throne?
They were deprived of their livings, and in some cases, imprisoned.
What were foreign Protestants ordered to do when Mary came to the throne?
To leave the country, though most had done this voluntarily already.
When did the legislative attack on Protestantism begin?
In Mary’s first Parliament in October 1553.
What was decided in Mary’s first Parliament?
- Religious law passed during Edward’s reign were repealed
- Order of service at the time of Henry VIII’s death was restored
- All clergy who’d married could be deprived of their livings
- Legal status of the Church of England was upheld
Why did Mary face a dilemma when having to acknowledge that the original laws on royal supremacy passed during Henry VIII’s reign were legally valid?
It meant accepting that statute law held superiority over divine law, despite her own belief.
Why was the status of the Church not resolved until Mary’s 3rd parliament?
Because there was still issue over what should happen to the lands dissolved from monasteries which had fallen into private hands.
What had Imperial ambassador Renard informed Charles V about the ex-monastic land?
That it was in the hands of more Catholics than Protestants.
What did the Pope and Pole want the English Church to do? Who regarded this as politically impossible?
Submit to Rome before dispensations might be awarded to landowners on an individual basis.
The Council, Philip and emperor, Charles V were aware this wouldn’t work.
When did Cardinal Pole arrive in England?
November 1554.
Why did Cardinal Pole come to England in 1554?
To take up position as legate and Archbishop of Canterbury.
What did Mary do to the Henrician Act of Attainder that had been passed against Pole?
She reversed it in her third parliament.
What furious debates were there between Cardinal Pole and councillors?
Councillors asserted the belief that no foreigner could have jurisdiction over English property.
What was the Act of Repeal January 1555?
An act revoking the royal supremacy was passed.
