The Skull and Jaw

Question 1

What are the 6 bones that make up the skull?

Answer 1

Frontal, Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Temporal and Parietal bones.

Question 2

What do you call the line of union in an immoveable articulation?

Answer 2

A suture

Question 3

Which bone is the largest and strongest of all the facial bones?

Answer 3

The Mandible

Question 4

The Coronal Suture is located between which 2 bones of the skull?

Answer 4

Between the frontal and the parietal bones.

Question 5

The Sagittal Suture is located between which 2 bones of the skull?

Answer 5

The 2 parietal bones.

Question 6

What is the Bregma?

Answer 6

The meeting point between the coronal and sagittal sutures.

Question 7

The Squamous suture is located between which 2 bones of the skull?

Answer 7

Between the parietal and temporal bones.

Question 8

The Lambdoid suture is located between which 3 bones of the skull?

Answer 8

The occipital, temporal, and parietal bones.

Question 9

What is the Lambda?

Answer 9

The meeting point of the lambdoid and the sagittal sutures.

Question 10

What is the pterion?

Answer 10

Connection between the sphenoid, temporal, frontal and parietal bones.

Question 11

What suture is between the frontal and parietal bones?

Answer 11

Coronal suture

Question 12

What suture is between the right and left parietal bones?

Answer 12

Sagittal Suture

Question 13

What is the name of the meeting point between the coronal and sagittal sutures?

Answer 13

The Bregma

Question 14

What suture is between the parietal and temporal bones?

Answer 14

Squamous Suture

Question 15

What suture is between the occipital , temporal and parietal bones?

Answer 15

Lambdoid Suture

Question 16

What is the meeting point of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures?

Answer 16

Lambda

Question 17

What is the connection between the sphenoid, temporal, frontal and parietal bone?

Answer 17

Pterion

Question 18

What is the weakest part of the skull?

Answer 18

Pterion

Question 19

Name the 4 different kinds of sinus in the skull and where they are located.

Answer 19

Frontal - 2 above each eye near midline
Sphenoidal - 2 post portion of nasal cavity
Ethmoidal - 2 either side of upper portion of nasal cavity
Maxillary - 2 lateral to nasal cavity extending from floor of orbital socket to the upper maxillary teeth.

Question 20

The Temporomandibular joint is what type of joint?

Answer 20

Synovial Modified hinge joint.

Question 21

What are the available movements from the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 21

Depression: opening the mouth
Elevation: closing the mouth
Protaction:anterior translation of the mandible
Retraction: posterior translation of the mandible
Deviation : movement from side to side

Question 22

The Temporalis muscle attaches from where to where?

Answer 22

Temporal Bone (fossa) - Coronoid process and anterior ramus of the mandible.

Question 23

What are the actions avaliable to the Temporalis muscle?

Answer 23

Elevation of mandible

Retraction of mandible (more the horizontal/ posterior fibres)

Question 24

The Masseter muscle attaches from where to where?

Answer 24

inferior border of zygomatic arch - angle of the mandible

Question 25

What actions are avaliable to the masseter muscle?

Answer 25

Elevation of the mandible Protraction of the mandible (Deep fibres) Retraction of the mandible (from a protracted position)

Question 26

The Lateral Pterygoid attaches from where to where? (split your answer into superior and inferior head)

Answer 26

Superior head :Greater wing of sphenoid - articular disc Inferior head: Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate - neck of the mandible

Question 27

What actions are avaliable to the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?

Answer 27

Protraction of the mandible Translation (ant/post) control of the articular disc ( superior head ) Depression of mandible (once translation occurs) Contralateral deviation of the mandible

Question 28

The Medial Pterygoid attaches from where to where?

Answer 28

Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate - pterygoid tuberosity (inner surface of the angle of mandible)

Question 29

What actions are avaliable to the Medial Pterygoid?

Answer 29

Elevation of mandible Protaction of the mandible Contralateral deviation of the mandible

Question 30

The Hyoids as a group are responsible for what action of the mandible?

Answer 30

Assist in depression of the mandible

Question 31

Action Summary : Depression of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

Answer 31

Hyoids | Lateral Pterygoid

Question 32

Action Summary: Elevation of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

Answer 32

Temporalis Masseter Medial Pterygoid Lateral Pterygoid ( superior head controls the return of the disc)

Question 33

Action Summary: Protraction of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

Answer 33

(superficial) Masseter Lateral Pterygoid Medial Pterygoid

Question 34

Action Summary: Retraction of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

Answer 34

(Deep) Temporalis Masseter

Question 35

Action Summary: Deviation of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

Answer 35

Contralateral Pterygoids

Question 36

When you are opening your mouth the motion from beginning to mid range mostly comes from what part of the anatomy?

Answer 36

Primarily rotation of the head of the mandible in the mandibular fossa.

Question 37

When you are opening your mouth the motion from mid range to end range mostly comes from what part of the anatomy?

Answer 37

Primarily translation of the head of the mandible from the fossa onto the articular tubercle.

Question 38

During the ROM of the mouth opening after the mid point what happens to the articular disc and why?

Answer 38

The articular disc is pulled anteriorly by the lateral pterygoid to maintain joint surface congruency.

Question 39

When the mouth closes what pulls the articular disc back into place?

Answer 39

Elastic fibers that are attached to the back of the articular disc pull it back into place and the movement is controlled (eccentrically) by the lateral pterygoid.