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Anatomy > The Skull and Jaw > Flashcards

The Skull and Jaw Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 bones that make up the skull?

A

Frontal, Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Temporal and Parietal bones.

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2
Q

What do you call the line of union in an immoveable articulation?

A

A suture

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3
Q

Which bone is the largest and strongest of all the facial bones?

A

The Mandible

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4
Q

The Coronal Suture is located between which 2 bones of the skull?

A

Between the frontal and the parietal bones.

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5
Q

The Sagittal Suture is located between which 2 bones of the skull?

A

The 2 parietal bones.

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6
Q

What is the Bregma?

A

The meeting point between the coronal and sagittal sutures.

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7
Q

The Squamous suture is located between which 2 bones of the skull?

A

Between the parietal and temporal bones.

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8
Q

The Lambdoid suture is located between which 3 bones of the skull?

A

The occipital, temporal, and parietal bones.

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9
Q

What is the Lambda?

A

The meeting point of the lambdoid and the sagittal sutures.

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10
Q

What is the pterion?

A

Connection between the sphenoid, temporal, frontal and parietal bones.

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11
Q

What suture is between the frontal and parietal bones?

A

Coronal suture

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12
Q

What suture is between the right and left parietal bones?

A

Sagittal Suture

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13
Q

What is the name of the meeting point between the coronal and sagittal sutures?

A

The Bregma

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14
Q

What suture is between the parietal and temporal bones?

A

Squamous Suture

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15
Q

What suture is between the occipital , temporal and parietal bones?

A

Lambdoid Suture

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16
Q

What is the meeting point of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures?

A

Lambda

17
Q

What is the connection between the sphenoid, temporal, frontal and parietal bone?

A

Pterion

18
Q

What is the weakest part of the skull?

A

Pterion

19
Q

Name the 4 different kinds of sinus in the skull and where they are located.

A

Frontal - 2 above each eye near midline
Sphenoidal - 2 post portion of nasal cavity
Ethmoidal - 2 either side of upper portion of nasal cavity
Maxillary - 2 lateral to nasal cavity extending from floor of orbital socket to the upper maxillary teeth.

20
Q

The Temporomandibular joint is what type of joint?

A

Synovial Modified hinge joint.

21
Q

What are the available movements from the Temporomandibular joint?

A

Depression: opening the mouth
Elevation: closing the mouth
Protaction:anterior translation of the mandible
Retraction: posterior translation of the mandible
Deviation : movement from side to side

22
Q

The Temporalis muscle attaches from where to where?

A

Temporal Bone (fossa) - Coronoid process and anterior ramus of the mandible.

23
Q

What are the actions avaliable to the Temporalis muscle?

A

Elevation of mandible

Retraction of mandible (more the horizontal/ posterior fibres)

24
Q

The Masseter muscle attaches from where to where?

A

inferior border of zygomatic arch - angle of the mandible

25
Q

What actions are avaliable to the masseter muscle?

A

Elevation of the mandible
Protraction of the mandible
(Deep fibres) Retraction of the mandible (from a protracted position)

26
Q

The Lateral Pterygoid attaches from where to where? (split your answer into superior and inferior head)

A

Superior head :Greater wing of sphenoid - articular disc

Inferior head: Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate - neck of the mandible

27
Q

What actions are avaliable to the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?

A

Protraction of the mandible
Translation (ant/post) control of the articular disc ( superior head )
Depression of mandible (once translation occurs)
Contralateral deviation of the mandible

28
Q

The Medial Pterygoid attaches from where to where?

A

Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate - pterygoid tuberosity (inner surface of the angle of mandible)

29
Q

What actions are avaliable to the Medial Pterygoid?

A

Elevation of mandible
Protaction of the mandible
Contralateral deviation of the mandible

30
Q

The Hyoids as a group are responsible for what action of the mandible?

A

Assist in depression of the mandible

31
Q

Action Summary : Depression of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

A

Hyoids

Lateral Pterygoid

32
Q

Action Summary: Elevation of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

A

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
Lateral Pterygoid ( superior head controls the return of the disc)

33
Q

Action Summary: Protraction of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

A

(superficial)
Masseter
Lateral Pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid

34
Q

Action Summary: Retraction of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

A

(Deep)
Temporalis
Masseter

35
Q

Action Summary: Deviation of the mandible is caused by which muscles of mastication?

A

Contralateral Pterygoids

36
Q

When you are opening your mouth the motion from beginning to mid range mostly comes from what part of the anatomy?

A

Primarily rotation of the head of the mandible in the mandibular fossa.

37
Q

When you are opening your mouth the motion from mid range to end range mostly comes from what part of the anatomy?

A

Primarily translation of the head of the mandible from the fossa onto the articular tubercle.

38
Q

During the ROM of the mouth opening after the mid point what happens to the articular disc and why?

A

The articular disc is pulled anteriorly by the lateral pterygoid to maintain joint surface congruency.

39
Q

When the mouth closes what pulls the articular disc back into place?

A

Elastic fibers that are attached to the back of the articular disc pull it back into place and the movement is controlled (eccentrically) by the lateral pterygoid.

Anatomy (10 decks)

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