General Spine Anatomy : Joints and ligaments

Question 1

What are the 5 segments of the spinal collum?

Answer 1

Cervical = 7 vertebrae
Thoracic = 12 vertebrae
Lumbar = 5 vertebrae
Sacrum = 1 bone (5 fused vertebrae)
Coccyx = 1 bone (4 fused vertebrae)

Question 2

How are the vertebral discs named?

Answer 2

A disc is named for the 2 vertebrae that it sits between?

Question 3

Are there fibrocartilaginous discs between all the vertebrae?

Answer 3

No C1/ C2 do not have a disc between them.

Question 4

What are the 2 components that make up intervertebral discs?

Answer 4

Annulus Fibrosis - fibrous outer layer

Nucleus Pulposus - inner substance of the disc

Question 5

Which part of the intervertebral discs have innervation and which part doesn’t?

Answer 5

The annulus fibrosis HAS innervation.

The nucleus pulposus DOES NOT have innervation.

Question 6

What is the fiberous outer layer of the intervertebral disc’s called?

Answer 6

Annulus Fibrosis

Question 7

What is the inner layer of the intervertebral disc’s called?

Answer 7

Nucleus Pulposus

Question 8

Do the intervertebral disc’s have a blood supply?

Answer 8

No they are avascular

Question 9

The cervical spine has what sort of curve to it?

Answer 9

Lordotic

Question 10

Where are the Zygapophysial Joints located?

Answer 10

They are the articulation between the lower and upper articular facets of the vertebrae.

Question 11

Name all the anatomical parts that make up a single vertebrae. ( start anteriorly and work back)

Answer 11

Large heavy anterior body of vertebrae.
Pedicles - the arch (vertebral foramen) anteriorly made up of pedicles
Laminae - the arch (vertebral foramen) posteriorly made up of laminae
Spinous process - the laminae meet to form a spinous process
Articular facets - they arise to meet the vertebrae on above and below

Question 12

What is the most common fracture site on the vertebrae.

Answer 12

The pars interarticularis

Question 13

Where is the pars interarticularis located?

Answer 13

between the superior and inferior facets on the vertebrae.

Question 14

Which joint is considered the only bony articulation between the upper limb and the axial skeleton?

Answer 14

The sternoclavicular ( s-c) joint

Question 15

What type of synovial joint is the sternoclavicular joint? and what are the available movements of the joint?

Answer 15

Saddle joint

elevation/depression
protraction/retraction
rotation

Question 16

When Elevation of the shoulder occurs the sternal end of the clavicle becomes?

Answer 16

Depressed

Question 17

With retraction of the scapula there is a ____ movement to the sternal end of the clavicle.

Answer 17

Anterior

Question 18

With protraction of the scapula there is a _____ movement at the sternal end of the clavicle.

Answer 18

Posterior

Question 19

The Costoclavicular ligament connects what 2 structure? what movement does it keep in check?

Answer 19

First rib to sternal end of clavicle

Checks all movements of the clavicle except inferior.

Question 20

What ligament connects the first rib to the sternal end of the the clavicle.

Answer 20

The costoclavicular ligament

Question 21

The Interclavicular Ligament connects what 2 structures?

Answer 21

The 2 SC joints across the manubrium

Question 22

The ____ ligament connects the 2 SC joints across the manubrium.

Answer 22

The interclavicular ligament

Question 23

The Sternoclavicular ligaments connects which parts of the sternum to the clavicle?

Answer 23

The anterior sternum to ant clavicle

The posterior sternum to clavicle

Question 24

The Anterior and posterior portions of the sternum and clavicle are connected by which ligaments?

Answer 24

The Sternoclavicular ligaments

Question 25

The Manubriosternal joint is the articulation between which to structures and what type of joint is it?

Answer 25

it is a cartilaginous joint and it is the junction between the Manubrium and the sternum.

Question 26

Does the Manubriosternal joint have any movement avaliable to it?

Answer 26

Yes some while breathing but as you age 10% of adults will have this joint ossify.

Question 27

Where the manubrium articulates with the sternum is called the ___joint.

Answer 27

The manubriosternal Joint

Question 28

Xiphisternal joint is the articulation between what 2 structures? what type of joint is it?

Answer 28

The articulation between the Xiphoid process and the body of the sternum.

cartilaginous

Question 29

The Costovertebral joints are a little different. The Head of the rib articulates with the facets on the side of the vertebral body. explain how the facets line up.

Answer 29

The Superior facet of the head articulates with the inferior facet of the superior vertebral body,

The Inferior facet on the head articulates with the superior facet on the vertebral body of the same number

Question 30

The Costotransverse joint is the articulation between what 2 structures?

Answer 30

The facet on the tubercle of the rib articulates with the costal facet on the associated TVP.