The Skull and Foramina Flashcards
What are the bones of the skull ?
Frontal bone - forehead
Zygomatic bone - cheekbone
Maxilla - upper jaw
parietal bone - side of head
Temporal bone - under parietal, loaxated around the ear, grey hair temporal = old
Petrous part of temporal bone - dense bright white area of x-ray
Ext aucoutics meatus - goes into eardrum
Sphenoid bone -
Mandible - lower jaw, latin to chew
Occupital - latin for back of skull
What are the 4 sutures of the skull ?
Coronal suture - connect parietal and frontal bones
Squamous suture - parietal and temporal bones
Lamboid suture - connects parietal and occipital bones. lOOKS like an A like its Latin meaning
Sagittal suture - connects pariatel bones
What are ther cranial fossae ?
3 stair-like, depressions in the floor of the cranial cavity
Anterior cranial fossa
Lesser wing of sphenoid bone separates these
Middle cranial fossa
Back of petrous temporal bone separates these
Posterior cranial fossa
What is the ethmoid bone ?
Located in the anterior cranial fossa, the centre.
Greek for sieve cause it looks like it
Crbiform cramina - the little holes in the ethmoid bone
What lies in the middle cranial fossa ?
Optic canal - inside is CN II (Optic nerve) and opthalmic artery
Superior orbital fissure - CN 3,4,V-1,6
Inferior orbital fisure -
Sella turcica - latin for turkish saddle, where the pituitary gland sits
Foramen rotundum - allows a branch of CN 5 to go through, CN V-2
Foramen ovale - Latin for opening that is oval
V2 goes to Maxilla and V3 goes to mandible
Foramen spinosum - the middle meningeal artery separates from this supplies dura mater
What lies in the posterior cranial fossa?
Interal acoustic meatus - traversed by CN 7 AND 8. tHEY GO INTO INT EAR. Petrous part of temporal bone hardest bone in the skull.
Jugular foramen - latin for neck as it travels down the neck, traveresed by CN 9,10 AND 11 and internal jugular vein
Hypoglossal canal - in front of foramen magnum. Later for under and tongue as the hypogossal serve
What are the differences between a male and female skull ?
Male skulls are larger.
Female skulls are more rounded due to less prominent brow ridges
Males have a more sloping forehead
Eye sockets are larger in females
Mandible is smaller and more pointed in females
How does the skull of an an infant under 2 years old differ from that of an adult?
Sutures are not fused yet in infants to allow the brain to grow and move but are fused in adults.
Where does the cerebrum lie?
The cerebrum sits in the upper part of the cranial vault, and is supported by the frontal, parietal, and temporal bones.
Where dos the midbrain sit ?
Midbrain (mescencephalon) sits below the cerebral cortex and at the topmost part of the brainstem
Which bones is the cerebellum related to?
Located at the back of the brain, immediately inferior to the occipital and temporal lobes, and within the posterior cranial fossa. It is separated from these lobes by the tentorium cerebelli, a tough layer of dura mater.
What are the Fontanelle sutures?
Fontanelle sutures are growth pits in the skull that allow it to get bigger.
What are the alveolar processes?
Provide struture to where your teeth are
