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maris ga 2 > the skull > Flashcards

the skull Flashcards

1
Q

tmj is what kind of jt

A

condyloid/synovial

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2
Q

how many bones in skull

A

22

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3
Q

neurocranium is howmany bones and protects

A

8 bones and protect the brain

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4
Q

what are the bones of the neurocranium

A

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, sphenoid

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5
Q

what are the pairs of bones in the neurocranium

A

parietal and temporal

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6
Q

how many bones is in the viscerocranium and makes up the

A

14 bones and bulk of the face

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7
Q

what bones make up the viscerocranium

A

nasal, lacrimal, vomer, inferior conchae, zygomatic bones, maxillae, palatine, mandible

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8
Q

what are the pairs of bones for the viscerocranium

A

nasal, lacrimal, inferior conchae, zygomatic bones, maxillae, palatine

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9
Q

viscerocranium surrounds the () and () openings

A

digestive and respiratory

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10
Q

what bones can you see from an anterior view (5)

A

frontal, nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, bones of orbit and nasal cavities mandible

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11
Q

sutures are generally named after

A

articulating bones

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12
Q

what are the anterior landmarks

A

frontal eminences, parietal eminences, superficial ciliary arches, glabella, nasion, anterior nasal spine

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13
Q

the frontal eminence is prominent in

A

men

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14
Q

the frontal eminence is () in women

A

rounded

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15
Q

acromegaly causes giants to get larger

A

frontal eminences

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16
Q

the frontal eminences represents the

A

primary center of ossification

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17
Q

what is the front eminences

A

forhead bumps like horns

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18
Q

what does the parietal eminences represent

A

primary ossification center

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19
Q

where do u find the parietal eminences

A

back of head

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20
Q

what are the superficial ciliary arches found

A

above eyebrows (cavemen)

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21
Q

what happens when u get hit in the superficial ciliary arches

A

loose ct so get blood under eye and get black eye

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22
Q

what is the glabella

A

where superficial ciliary arches meet above bridge of nose, means hairless

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23
Q

where is the nasion

A

under glabella

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24
Q

define nasion

A

point where internasal suture and frontal nsal suture meet

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25
Q

where do you find the anterior nasal spine

A

bottom of nasal opening where it protrudes a lil

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26
Q

what foramina do you see in the anterior view (5)

A

supraorbital notch, infraorbital foramen, anterior nasal apertures, zygomaticofacial foramen, mental foramen

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27
Q

what does the supraorbital foramen nerve supply

A

supraorbital nerve supplies foreahead

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28
Q

what does the infraorbital foramen nerve supply

A

like cheek area

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29
Q

what nerve supplies mouth and jaw

A

mental nerve

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30
Q

what nerve supplies the cheek bone

A

zygomaticofascial nerve branch of trigeminal

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31
Q

what passes through the mental foramen

A

mental nerve, artery, vein (branch of trigeminal)

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32
Q

coronal suture separates

A

frontal and parietal bones

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33
Q

what are the bones can be seen in the posterior view 3

A

parietal occipital (squamous portion) temporal (mastoid process)

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34
Q

sutures seen in posterior 3

A

sagittal lamboidal occipitomastoid

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35
Q

landmarks 4

A

lambda, parietal eminences, nucal liens, eop

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36
Q

another name for inion

A

external occipital protuberance

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37
Q

foramina in posterior view

A

parietal

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38
Q

what goes through the parietal foramina

A

emmesary veins (variable in number)

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39
Q

what does the emmesary veins connect

A

external and internal veins of the skull connects the inner to outer

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40
Q

what could happen clinically with emmesary veins

A

you could get an infection from scalp into brain and get meningitis

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41
Q

what is the end of the inion called

A

external occipital crest

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42
Q

what is the tip of eop called

A

inion

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43
Q

what is the lambda

A

where saggital and lambdoid suture meet

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44
Q

what is lambda a former site of

A

posterior fontanelle canal

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45
Q

what is the posterior fontanelle canal in babies

A

soft spot in babies

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46
Q

what does parts of skull first start off as

A

mesenchymal membrane

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47
Q

whats the highest point on skull called

A

vertex

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48
Q

what does the lambdoid suture separate

A

parietal and occipital bone

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49
Q

what bones can you see from a lateral view 9

A

frontal, nasal maxilla zygomatic mandible sphenoid parietal temporal occipital

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50
Q

landmarks lateral view 9

A

anterior nasal spine, frontal eminences, parietal eminences, pterion, asterion, superior and inferior temporal lines, zygomatic arches, infratemporal crest, vertex

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51
Q

foramina lateral view 5

A

zygomaticofacial foramina, zygomaticotemporal foramina, pterygomaxillary fissure, inferior orbital fissure, external auditory meatus

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52
Q

what is the former site of the posteriorlateral fontanelle

A

asterion

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53
Q

what 3 bones make up the asterion

A

parietal, occipital, temporal

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54
Q

why called squamous suture

A

cause borders the squamous portion of temporal bone

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55
Q

what does squamous mean

A

flat

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56
Q

what occupies the temporal fossa

A

temporalis muscle

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57
Q

what makes the temporal fossa

A

superior and inferior temporal lines

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58
Q

what is the pterion (bones that make it)

A

the frontal, parietal temporal, sphenoid

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59
Q

what is the pterion a former site of

A

soft spot anteriorlateral fontanelle

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60
Q

what is the clinical significance of the pterion

A

thin bone so fx easy, rupture middle meningeal artery and get epidural hematoma

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61
Q

what is a epidural hematoma

A

when dura mater separates from periosteum

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62
Q

what happens if you fx the pterion on the left side

A

you hit brocas area and get motor aphasia

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63
Q

what is motor aphasia

A

inability to speek

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64
Q

what is the center for motor speech

A

brocas area

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65
Q

where do u find brocas area

A

found on left/dominant hemisphere

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66
Q

what is the little bump from a lateral view inferior nose

A

anterior nasal spine

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67
Q

what is an extra bone in skull called

A

wormian bone/ sutural bone

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68
Q

why get extra bone

A

failure of sutures fusing , find in lambda too

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69
Q

what bones can u superior view

A

frontal parietal occipital

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70
Q

what sutures do u see superior view

A

coronal sagittal lambdoidal

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71
Q

landmarks of superior view

A

bregma lambda frontal and parietal eminences

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72
Q

what foramina see in superior view

A

parietal foramina

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73
Q

what is the bones in the inferior/basal view anterior part

A

maxilla, palatine zygomatic

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74
Q

what sutures see in inferior/basal view anterior part

A

cruciform

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75
Q

what is the cruciform a combo of

A

intermaxillary, palatomaxillary and interpalatine sutures

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76
Q

what landmarks seen in inferior/basal view anterior part 4

A

incisive fossa, alveolar arch, posterior nasal spine, maxillary tuberosity

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77
Q

3 foramina seen inferior/basal view anterior part

A

incisive foramina- located in the incisive fosasa

greater and lesser palatine foramina

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78
Q

what bones see inferior view middle part

A

vomer palatine sphenoid temporal occipital

79
Q

what is function of vomer

A

forms nasal septum and divides nasal cavity into right and left

80
Q

what are the parts of the sphenoid

A

greater and lesser wing

81
Q

what are the parts of the temporal bone

A

squamous portion, styloid process, mastoid process, zygomatic process, tympanic plate

82
Q

what landmark seen in inferior view middle part 5

A

pterygoid hamulus, pharyngeal tubercle, spine of sphenoid, styloid process, articular (mandibular) fossa

83
Q

what are the foramina of inferior middle part 6

A

posterior nasal aperatures, foramen lacerum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, carotid foramen, EAM

84
Q

what are the bones see in inferior view posterior part

A

temporal occipital

85
Q

what is suture see inferior posterior view

A

occipitomastoid

86
Q

what is the landmarks seen inferior view posterior part 8

A

occipital condyles, condylar fossa, jugular process, superior and inferior nuchal lines, external occipital crest, EOP, mastoid process, digastric/mastoid notch

87
Q

what foramina see inferior view posterior part

A

foramen magnum, jugular foramen, hypoglossal canal, condylar foramen, sylomastoid foramen, mastoid foramina

88
Q

what do you find deep to the incisive fossa

A

incisive foramina

89
Q

what goes through incisive foramina

A

nasal palatine nerves, arteries and veins

90
Q

what is function of alveolar arch

A

where teeth arise

91
Q

what is the rough surface are you find on posterior surface of maxillary bone

A

maxillary tuberosity

92
Q

what goes through the greater and lesser palatine foramina

A

transmits nerves a, v of same name greater palatine fossa

93
Q

what makes up the cruciform suture

A

interpalatine suture and maxilopalatine suture

94
Q

what is the little protrusion formed by palatine bone

A

posterior nasal spine

95
Q

terogate process has a () and () plate

A

medial and lateral plate

96
Q

what is the elevation of the mandibular fossa called

A

articular eminence

97
Q

what does the articular eminence prevent

A

dislocation of tmj

98
Q

what does the foramen spinosum transmit

A

middle meningeal artery and nervous spinosum (branch of trigeminal nerve)

99
Q

what is transmitted through foramen ovale

A

mandibular nerve

100
Q

what bounds the foramen lacerum

A

occipital sphenoid and petrous part

101
Q

in real life what is closed by fibrocartilage but is a hole in a skull

A

foramen lacerum

102
Q

where find groove for auditory tube/ pharyngeal tempanic tube/ eustacian tube

A

between sphenoid bone and petrous part of temporal bone

103
Q

what does the mandible/condyle articulate on skull

A

articular fossa/mandibular fossa

104
Q

what is the hardest portion of temporal bone

A

petrous portion

105
Q

what does the petrous portion house

A

carotid canal and middle and inner ear

106
Q

what is the carotid canal a passage way for

A

internal carotid artery

107
Q

where find ossicles

A

middle ear

108
Q

what does the external opening of carotid canal have traveling through it

A

internal carotid artery

109
Q

superior to the condyle of the skull is the

A

hypoglossal canal/foramen

110
Q

what does the hypoglossal canal transmits

A

hypoglossal nerve

111
Q

what does the condyles of the skull articulate with

A

lateral masses of atlas

112
Q

what does the stylomastoid foramen transmit

A

stylomastroid artery and facial nerve

113
Q

clinical significance of mastoid process in newborns

A

if havea hard delivery they get salad tongue and could pull baby out and impinge facial nerve and asymmetry of face

114
Q

jugular foramen is bounded b/w

A

temporal and occipital bone

115
Q

jugular foramen transmits

A

internal jugular vein and nerves 9-11 cranial??

116
Q

what is the internal jugular vein a counter part ot

A

internal carotid artery

117
Q

what passes through foramen magnum

A

spinal cord and dura mater tectorial membrane vertebral artery and spinal portion of accessory nerve

118
Q

what does the mastoid foramen transmits

A

emmesary vein

119
Q

what is medial to mastoid process

A

a groove

120
Q

what is the attachment site for digastric muscle

A

mastoid notch/digastric notch

121
Q

condylar foramen is or is not present all the time and transmits what

A

is not, emmesary vein

122
Q

what is the bump in the center of the basilar portion of the occipital bone called

A

pharyngeal tubercle

123
Q

where does the semispinalis capitis attached to

A

in between the inferior nucal line and superior nuchal line

124
Q

where does the traps attach to

A

superior nucal line

125
Q

bones see on internal surface of cranial vault

A

frontal parietal occipital

126
Q

cranial vault aka

A

skull cap

127
Q

sutures seen on internal surface of cranial vault

A

coronal sagittal lamboid

128
Q

landmarks for internal surface of cranial vault

A

sulcus for superior sagittal sinu, oval depressions for arachnoid granultaions, grooves for meningeal vessels

129
Q

foramina seen in internal surface of cranial vault

A

parietal foramina

130
Q

the little holes next to the sagittal suture are and transmit

A

parietal foramen , emmesary veins

131
Q

what are the grooves on the inner surface of the parietal bone for

A

middle meningeal arteries

132
Q

the oval depressions/caveolae is for () and extensions of ()

A

is for arachnoid granulations, extensions of arachnoid mater

133
Q

the groove in the sagittal suture is for

A

superior sagittal sinus

134
Q

the foramen cecum has what transmitting through it

A

emmesery vein

135
Q

where do u find the foramen cecum

A

between frontal crest and crista gali

136
Q

what is meningitis preceeded as

A

nasal infection

137
Q

what is the line in the middle of the cribiform

A

crista gali

138
Q

what are parts of ethmoid bone

A

crista gali and cribiform plate

139
Q

prechiasmatic sulcus aka

A

chiamastic groove

140
Q

where does the optic nerve cross

A

prechiasmatic sulcus

141
Q

what is the roof of the orbital cavity

A

orbital plate of the frontal bone

142
Q

the holes in the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone are for the

A

olfactory nerves for smell

143
Q

what fissure is underneat the smaller wing of sphenoid and above the greater wing

A

superior orbital fissure

144
Q

what does the superior orbital fissure transmit

A

ophthalmic veins, ophthalmic nerve (division of trigeminal) cranial nerve 3,4,6

145
Q

the foramen rotundum is passageway for

A

maxillary portion of trigeminal nerve

146
Q

where is the pituitary gland located

A

hypophyseal fossa

147
Q

what is pituitary gland aka

A

hypohysis

148
Q

what makes the sella turcica

A

tuberculum sellae (anteriorly) and posteriorly dorsum sellae and hypophyseal fossa

149
Q

posterior clinoid process is the ends of

A

dorsum sellae

150
Q

the groove for middle meningeal artery connects to teh

A

foramen spinosum

151
Q

the foramen spinosum transmits

A

the middle meningeal artery

152
Q

wwhat is transmitted by foramen ovale

A

mandibular nerve

153
Q

what bounds the foramen lacerum

A

occipital bone, sphenoid, petrous

154
Q

the foramen lucerem is superimposed with

A

opening of carotid canal

155
Q

what can you find near the crest of petrous bone

A

groove for superor petrosal sinus?

156
Q

what is the down slope found on the inner basilar portion of occipital bone

A

clivus

157
Q

what does the petrous portion of the temporal bone contain

A

middle ear, inner cavity and jugular vein

158
Q

internal acoustic meatus transmit nerve () and () and () artery

A

nerve 7, 8 and internal acoustic artery/labyrinth artery

159
Q

what supplies blood ot the internal ear

A

internal acoustic artery aka labyrinth artery

160
Q

where does the cerebellum sit

A

cerebellar fossa

161
Q

what supplies blood ot the internal ear

A

internal acoustic artery aka labyrinth artery

162
Q

where does the cerebellum sit

A

cerebellar fossa

163
Q

what is between groove for tansverse sinus and internal occipital crest

A

internal occipital protuberance IOP

164
Q

what does the transverse sinus becomes

A

sigmoid sinus

165
Q

what does the sigmoid sinus become

A

internal jugular vein

166
Q

what is in the body of the sphenoid bone

A

the sphenoid sinus

167
Q

the sphenoid sinus is what kind of sinus

A

paranasal sinus

168
Q

what are the paranasal sinuses

A

air filled caivites

169
Q

tranverse, sigmoid, superior sagittal sinus are what kind of sinuses

A

dural sinuses that contains venous vessels

170
Q

the mandibular foramen summits what nerve

A

inferior alveolar nerve

171
Q

the inferior alveolar nerve provides sensation to

A

lower teeth

172
Q

the inferior alveolar nerve exits through the () foramen and is calle teh

A

mental nerve

173
Q

what gaurds the mandibular foramen

A

lingula

174
Q

what does the sublingual fossa house

A

ssalivary glands

175
Q

below the mylohyoid line is the () fossa which houses the ()

A

submandibular fossa, submandibular salivary gland

176
Q

whats next to the mental protuberance

A

mental tubercles

177
Q

what is it called when the mandibledoesnt completely fuse and get cleft chin

A

symphysis mentaie

178
Q

angle of mandible aka

A

gonion

179
Q

what is between groove for tansverse sinus and internal occipital crest

A

internal occipital protuberance IOP

180
Q

what does the transverse sinus becomes

A

sigmoid sinus

181
Q

what does the sigmoid sinus become

A

internal jugular vein

182
Q

what is in the body of the sphenoid bone

A

the sphenoid sinus

183
Q

the sphenoid sinus is what kind of sinus

A

paranasal sinus

184
Q

what are the paranasal sinuses

A

air filled caivites

185
Q

tranverse, sigmoid, superior sagittal sinus are what kind of sinuses

A

dural sinuses that contains venous vessels

186
Q

the mandibular foramen summits what nerve

A

inferior alveolar nerve

187
Q

the inferior alveolar nerve provides sensation to

A

lower teeth

188
Q

the inferior alveolar nerve exits through the () foramen and is calle teh

A

mental nerve

189
Q

what gaurds the mandibular foramen

A

lingula

190
Q

what does the sublingual fossa house

A

ssalivary glands

191
Q

below the mylohyoid line is the () fossa which houses the ()

A

submandibular fossa, submandibular salivary gland

192
Q

whats next to the mental protuberance

A

mental tubercles

193
Q

what is it called when the mandibledoesnt completely fuse and get cleft chin

A

symphysis mentaie

194
Q

angle of mandible aka

A

gonion

maris ga 2 (8 decks)

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