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I.O.E Anatomy > The Skull > Flashcards

The Skull Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the skull?

A

Enclose and protect brain and special sense organs Create a specialised environment in which the brain can thrive (cranial cavity) Attachment of muscle and meninges

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2
Q

What are the three layers of the bones in the cranium?

A

Outer plate -compact bone

Diploe-Spongy bone (reduces the weight)

Inner plate - compact bone

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3
Q

Which bones form the cap of the cranium?

A

Frontal Parietal Occipital Temporal

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4
Q

What grooves does the parietal bone have?

A

Grooves of: -middle meaningeal artery -sagittal sulcus -granular pits -sigmoid sulcus

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5
Q

What are the four parts of the occipital bone arranged around?

A

Foramen magnum

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6
Q

Which bones form the floor of the calvaria? (Aka cranial fossa, cranial base)

A

Sphenoidal Ethmoid Temporal

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7
Q

Features of the sphenoid bone?

A

Has the sphenoid sinus Greater and lesser wings Pterygoid process Optic groove

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8
Q

What can fracture of the ethmoid bone lead to?

A

Anosmia (loss of sense of smell)

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9
Q

Features of the temporal bone?

A

Zygomatic process, squamous, External auditory meatus(tympanic) , mastiod process, Madibular fossa (articulate with TMJ), articular tubular, Styloid process, styliod mastoid foramen,

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10
Q

What do the bones of the cranial base provide articulation for?

A

C1 (atlas) Facial bones Mandible

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11
Q

Name the bones of the facial skeleton

A

Zygomatic Lacrimal Nasal Inferior nasal conchae Palatine Vomer Maxillae Mandible Frontal

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12
Q

What are the main sutures in adulthood?

A

Coronal suture - between frontal and parietals Saggital - between both parietals Lambdoid - occipital with parietals Visualise it!

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13
Q

What are fontanelles?

A

Incompletely fused suture joints in neonates

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14
Q

Which bones form each of the cranial fossas?

A

Anterior - depression formed by frontal, ethmoidal and parietal Middle - depression formed by sphenoid, temporal, parietal Posterior - squamous, mastoid temporal bone, occipital bone

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15
Q

What makes the bones of the skull less easily unlocked?

A

The edges are serrated

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16
Q

Which bones are most frequently broken in a facial fracture?

A

Nasal

17
Q

Frontal Bone

A

the large cranial bone forming the front part of the cranium: the forehead and the upper part of the orbits

18
Q

Frontal sinus

A

one of a pair of cavities in the frontal bone

19
Q

Glabella

A

The smooth area between the eyebrows just above the nose

20
Q

Supraorbital Foramen

A

small opening superior to each eye socket

21
Q

Parietal Bone

A

either of two skull bones between the frontal and occipital bones and forming the top and sides of the cranium

22
Q

Temporal Bone

A

a thick bone forming the side of the human cranium and encasing the inner ear

23
Q

Mastoid Process

A

process of the temporal bone behind the ear at the base of the skull

24
Q

Mandibular Fossa

A

the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits.

25
Q

Zygomatic Process

A

part of the temporal bone that forms part of the cheekbone

26
Q

Styloid Process

A

pole like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

27
Q

Internal Acoustic Meatus

A

a canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone of the skull

28
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

the large opening at the base of the cranium through which the spinal cord passes

29
Q

Occipital Bone

A

the bone found at the back and base of the skull

30
Q

Occipital Condyles

A

rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that articulate with the first cervical vertebra (atlas)

31
Q

midline prominences posterior to the foramen magnum

A

External Occipital Protuberance

32
Q

Ethmoid Bone

A

irregularly shaped bone anterior to the sphenoid. Forms the roof and upper septum of the nasal cavity and part of the medial orbit walls.

33
Q

Crista Galli

A

superior projection in the middle of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

34
Q

Cribriform Plate

A

porous bone surrounding the crista galli in the floor of the cranium through which olfactory nerves transverse

35
Q

Sagittal Suture

A

midline articulation point of the two parietal bones

36
Q

Coronal Suture

A

the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull

37
Q

Squamousal Suture

A

the suture found between the parietal & temporal bone

38
Q

suture that separates parietal bones from occipital bone

A

Lambdoidal Suture

39
Q

the suture between the two ossification centers of the frontal bone, it usually disappears during development but is occasionally present in adults

A

Metopic Suture

I.O.E Anatomy (7 decks)

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